Based on the ladder-type atomic system of cesium ( ¹³³Cs) 6S_1/2-6P_3/2-6D_5/2, a pump light with a wavelength of 852.335 nm or 852.356 nm and probe light with a wavelength of 917.483 nm were inversely arranged in a ¹³³Cs vapor cell at room temperature. Accordingly, a double resonance absorption spectrum of 6P_3/2-6D_5/2 hyperfine energy level transition with narrow line-width and high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained. Subsequently, all the frequency intervals of the hyperfine energy level splitting structure of the excited state 6D_5/2 are measured using a “ruler” built with an acousto-optic modulator. Finally, the hyperfine constants of magnetic dipole A_hfs and electric quadrupole B_hfs are obtained as (-4.59±0.06) and (-0.78±0.66) MHz, respectively, which agree with values reported in the literature.