• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 2, Issue 5, 111 (2014)
Jiandong Fan, Baohua Jia, and and Min Gu*
Author Affiliations
  • Centre for Micro-Photonics, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.2.000111 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Jiandong Fan, Baohua Jia, and Min Gu, "Perovskite-based low-cost and high-efficiency hybrid halide solar cells," Photonics Res. 2, 111 (2014) Copy Citation Text show less
    Efficiency evolution of different thin-film photovoltaic technologies.
    Fig. 1. Efficiency evolution of different thin-film photovoltaic technologies.
    Unit cell of basic ABX3 perovskite structure. The BX6 corner-sharing octahedra are evidenced. Adapted with permission from Ref. [70].
    Fig. 2. Unit cell of basic ABX3 perovskite structure. The BX6 corner-sharing octahedra are evidenced. Adapted with permission from Ref. [70].
    Architecture schematics of three types of photoanodes in perovskite solar cells: (a) mesoporous TiO2/Al2O3/ZrO2, (b) TiO2/ZnO NWs, and (c) without the scaffold layer.
    Fig. 3. Architecture schematics of three types of photoanodes in perovskite solar cells: (a) mesoporous TiO2/Al2O3/ZrO2, (b) TiO2/ZnO NWs, and (c) without the scaffold layer.
    (a) UV-Vis absorbance of the FAPbIyBr3−y perovskite with varying y, measured in an integrating sphere. (b) Corresponding steady-state photoluminescence spectra for the same films. (c) Photographs of the FAPbIyBr3−y perovskite films with y increasing from 0 to 1 (left to right). Adapted with permission from Ref. [59].
    Fig. 4. (a) UV-Vis absorbance of the FAPbIyBr3y perovskite with varying y, measured in an integrating sphere. (b) Corresponding steady-state photoluminescence spectra for the same films. (c) Photographs of the FAPbIyBr3y perovskite films with y increasing from 0 to 1 (left to right). Adapted with permission from Ref. [59].
    Cross-sectional SEM images under lower magnification of completed solar cells constructed from (a) vapor-deposited perovskite film and (b) solution-processed perovskite film. (c) Schematic of dual-source thermal evaporation system for depositing the perovskite absorbers; the organic source was methylammonium iodide, and the inorganic source was PbCl2. (d) Current-density/voltage curves of the best-performing solution-processed (blue lines, triangles) and vapor-deposited (red lines, circles) p-i-n perovskite solar cells measured under simulated AM1.5 sunlight of 101 mW cm−2 irradiance (solid lines) and in the dark (dashed lines). Adapted with permission from Ref. [32].
    Fig. 5. Cross-sectional SEM images under lower magnification of completed solar cells constructed from (a) vapor-deposited perovskite film and (b) solution-processed perovskite film. (c) Schematic of dual-source thermal evaporation system for depositing the perovskite absorbers; the organic source was methylammonium iodide, and the inorganic source was PbCl2. (d) Current-density/voltage curves of the best-performing solution-processed (blue lines, triangles) and vapor-deposited (red lines, circles) p-i-n perovskite solar cells measured under simulated AM1.5 sunlight of 101mWcm2 irradiance (solid lines) and in the dark (dashed lines). Adapted with permission from Ref. [32].
    (a) Photo image of flexible perovskite solar cells on the PET/ITO substrate and (b) device performance of the perovskite solar cells on the PET/ITO flexible substrate before and after bending. Adapted with permission from Ref. [60].
    Fig. 6. (a) Photo image of flexible perovskite solar cells on the PET/ITO substrate and (b) device performance of the perovskite solar cells on the PET/ITO flexible substrate before and after bending. Adapted with permission from Ref. [60].
    Time-resolved PL measurements taken at the peak emission wavelength of (a) mixed-halide perovskite and (b) triiodide perovskite with an electron (PCBM, blue triangles) or hole (spiro-OMeTAD, red circles) quencher layer, along with stretched exponential fits to the PMMA data (black squares) and fits to the quenching samples by using the diffusion model described in the text. A pulsed (0.3 to 10 MHz) excitation source at 507 nm with a fluence of 30 nJ/cm2 impinged on the glass substrate side. (Inset) Comparison of the PL decay of the two perovskites (with PMMA) on a longer time scale, with lifetimes τe quoted as the time taken to reach 1/e of the initial intensity. Adapted with permission from Ref. [62].
    Fig. 7. Time-resolved PL measurements taken at the peak emission wavelength of (a) mixed-halide perovskite and (b) triiodide perovskite with an electron (PCBM, blue triangles) or hole (spiro-OMeTAD, red circles) quencher layer, along with stretched exponential fits to the PMMA data (black squares) and fits to the quenching samples by using the diffusion model described in the text. A pulsed (0.3 to 10 MHz) excitation source at 507 nm with a fluence of 30nJ/cm2 impinged on the glass substrate side. (Inset) Comparison of the PL decay of the two perovskites (with PMMA) on a longer time scale, with lifetimes τe quoted as the time taken to reach 1/e of the initial intensity. Adapted with permission from Ref. [62].
    Perovskite MaterialsPhotoanodeDeposition MethodHTMArea (cm2)PCEYear
    CH3NH3PbI3/CH3NH3PbBr3 [30]TiO2 (mesoporous)DroppingI/I30.2383.81%2009
    (CH3NH3)PbI3 [34]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingI/I30.3036.54%2011
    CH3NH3PbI2Cl [35]TiO2/Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.09010.9%2012
    CH3NH3PbI3 [36]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingNo0.1207.3%2012
    CH3NH3PbI3 [31]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.2079.7%2012
    BaSnO3+N719 [37]BaSnO3Doctor-bladeI/I30.1606.2%2013
    CH3NH3PbBr3 [38]TiO2/Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingP3HT/PDI/TPD/PCBM0.0300.72%2013
    CH3NH3Pb(I1xBrx)3 [39]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingPTAA0.09612.3%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [40]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD/P3HT/DEH0.2008.5%2013
    CsSnI3xFx+N719 [41]TiO2 (nanoporous)InjectingCsSnI3xFx0.32610.2%2012
    CH3NH3PbI3 [42]TiO2 (nanorods)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.2159.4%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [43]TiO2+C60SAM (mesoporous)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD/P3HT0.09011.7%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [44]TiO2+Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.09012.3%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [45]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coating + dippingSpiro-OMeTAD0.28515%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx+Au@SiO2 [46]TiO2+Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.08011.4%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [47]TiO2+Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingPIL-doping Spiro-OMeTAD0.08011.87%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [48]TiO2 (planar thin film)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.09011.4%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [49]TiO2+ZrO2 (mesoporous)Spin coating + dippingSpiro-OMeTAD0.20010.8%2013
    CH3NH3PbI2Br [50]TiO2 NanowiresSpin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.1964.87%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [51]ZnO nanowiresSpin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.2005.0%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [32]TiO2 (planar thin film)VaporSpiro-OMeTAD0.07615.4%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [52]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingCuI0.0906.0%2013
    CH3NH3PbI3 [53]TiO2+ZrO2 (mesoporous)Spin coatingPy-A/Py-B/Py-C/Spiro-OMeTAD0.16012.7%2013
    HC(NH2)2PbI3 [54]TiO2 (mesoporous)Spin coating + dippingSpiro-OMeTAD0.2004.3%2014
    CH3NH3PbI2Cl [55]TiO2 (planar thin film)Spin coatingP3HT0.05010.8%2014
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [56]graphene- TiO2+Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.06315.6%2014
    CH3NH3PbI3 [57]TiO2 (planar thin film)Spin coating + vaporSpiro-OMeTAD0.12012.1%2014
    CH3NH3PbI3 [58]ZnO (planar thin film)Spin coating + dippingSpiro-OMeTAD0.07115.7%2014
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [33]TiO2+Al2O3 (meso-superstructure)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.06315.9%2014
    HC(NH2)2PbIyBr3y [59]TiO2 (planar thin film)Spin coatingSpiro-OMeTAD0.06314.2%2014
    CH3NH3PbI3xClx [60]PEDOT:PSSSpin coatingPCBM0.10011.5%2014
    Table 1. Summary of the Device Evolution and Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells