ing at the optimization design of Raman fiber amplifier with multiple backward pumps, we combine the artificial bee colony algorithm with the average power analysis to optimize the configuration of backward pump of Raman fiber amplifier. On the basis of the given gain, the optimized model is established in order to minimize the ripple of Raman gain. The average power analysis is utilized to solve Raman scattering equations, and the artificial bee colony algorithm is employed to find the optimal pump wavelength and pump power. The proposed method is used to design the Raman fiber amplifier at C band and C+L band. The results show that the gain ripple can be controlled below ±0.4 dB under different net gain levels. Compared with the existing methods, the combination of artificial bee colony algorithm and average power analysis has a good performance and can obtain the flatter optimization results, which has certain practical value.