Lobster eye X-ray focusing telescope is one of the important equipment for X-ray space astronomical observation in the future. This equipment will become a powerful tool to study the Earth’s space environment under various solar wind conditions. Aiming at the design and simulation of the effective area of lobster eye X-ray microporous optical devices, the relationship between structural parameters and geometric collection area is studied, and the effects of different film materials and surface roughness on X-ray reflectivity are calculated based on Fresnel formula. The performance test of effective area X-ray is completed by using X-ray beam test equipment and single-photon acquisition mode. The results show that the effective area of lobster eye optics is mainly determined by the material of the film and the roughness of the inner wall. At the same time, the effective area of Ir film can be increased from 2.15 cm ² to 2.47 cm ² when the energy is 1 keV.