In recent years, with the rapid development of world economy, a large number of harmful substances are discharged into the environment, and the global environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious. Spectroscopic methods have been widely used in the detection and analysis of water quality, atmosphere and soil environment due to their speed, simplicity for real-time, in-situ field analysis. However, the environment system is an open and complex system, which is easily affected by many factors, so it is difficult to extract the characteristic information of the interesting components from the complex environment system based on the conventional one-dimensional spectroscopy. Two-dimensional (2D) correlation spectroscopy, which presents characteristic spectral information changes in response to the special external, can not only extract the weak and covered spectral information in the complex environment, but also provide the relationship between these peaks. On the basis of a review of the new development of 2D correlation spectroscopy in recent years, the application of the technology in the analysis of water, soil and atmosphere environment was introduced in detail, including pesticide residues in water, qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic pollutants in water, the formation mechanism of marine mucus and foam. the quantitative analysis of organic pollutants in soil, the mechanism of repairing and adsorption for soil pollutants; the formation mechanism of aerosol in atmosphere, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polluted gases. Finally, it was introduced in detail that the application of 2D correlation spectroscopy to the study of the molecular characteristics of organic matter and the interaction mechanism with other metal ions in the environment. It was pointed out that 2D correlation spectroscopy has broad application prospects in the field of environmental science.