Fig. 1. Visible light positioning system model and receiver structure
Fig. 2. Error distribution of two location algorithms
Fig. 3. Symmetry of two possible solutions in multiple lights scene
Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of auxiliary positioning
Fig. 5. Location error distribution of two light sources
Fig. 6. The change of positioning error with α
Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of regional division
Fig. 8. Distribution of indoor fairness function
Fig. 9. Influence of environmental parameters on positioning error
Fig. 10. Plane error distribution of adaptive localization algorithm
Fig. 11. Comparison of cumulative error distribution
Fig. 12. Positioning system model
Fig. 13. Experimental device
Fig. 14. Location error distribution of several algorithms in experimental environment
Fig. 15. Experimental results of adaptive localization algorithm
Parameter | Value |
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Room size L×W×H /m3 | 5×5×3 | Position of each LED(x,y,z)/m | LED1(1.25,1.25,2.5) | LED2(1.25,3.75,2.5) | LED3(3.75,3.75,2.5) | LED4(3.75,1.25,2.5) | LED power Pt /W | 45 | Effective area of PD A /cm2 | 1 | Gain of optical filter | 1 | Gain of optical concentrator
| 1 | Half-power angle of LED Φ1/2 /(°) | 70 | Field of view angle of PD /(°) | 70 | Distance between PD0 to PDil/cm | 1.2 | Polar angle α /(°) | 20 | Threshold value | γ1=0.5,γ2=0.05γ3=0.15,γ4=0.1 | SNR/dB | 20 |
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Table 1. Simulation parameters of indoor positioning system
Algorithm | D1 error /cm | D2 error /cm | D3 error/cm | D4 error/cm | D5 error/cm |
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Single light source | 2.69 | 4.40 | 4.84 | 6.36 | 4.73 | Two light sources | 4.62 | 7.72 | 6.32 | 1.42 | 2.10 | Multiple light sources | 5.10 | 3.16 | 9.34 | 1.01 | 5.69 | Adaption | 2.54 | 3.11 | 4.71 | 1.09 | 2.18 |
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Table 2. Comparison of positioning errors in different regions