[1] Maiman T H. Stimulated optical radiation in ruby[J]. Nature, 187, 493-494(1960).
[2] Yu X C, Song F, Wang W T et al. Comparison of optical parameters and luminescence between Er 3+/Yb 3+ codoped phosphate glass ceramics and precursor glasses[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 104, 113105(2008).
[3] Chen Z, Cui W T, Kang S L et al. Fast-slow red upconversion fluorescence modulation from Ho 3+-doped glass ceramics upon two-wavelength excitation[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 5, 1600554(2017).
[4] Peng W C, Fang Z J, Ma Z J et al. Enhanced upconversion emission in crystallization-controllable glass-ceramic fiber containingYb 3+-Er 3+codoped CaF2 nanocrystals[J]. Nanotechnology, 27, 405203(2016).
[5] Wei T, Tian Y, Tian C et al. 2.7 μm emissions in Er 3+∶NaYF4 embedded aluminosilicate glass ceramics[J]. Ceramics International, 42, 1332-1338(2016).
[6] Chen H, Jin C, Huang B et al. Integrated cladding-pumped multicore few-mode erbium-doped fibre amplifier for space-division-multiplexed communications[J]. Nature Photonics, 10, 529-533(2016).
[9] Samson B N, Tick P A, Borrelli N F. Efficient neodymium-doped glass-ceramic fiber laser and amplifier[J]. Optics Letters, 26, 145-147(2001).
[11] Fang Z J, Zheng S P, Peng W C et al. Ni 2+ doped glass ceramic fiber fabricated by melt-in-tube method and successive heat treatment[J]. Optics Express, 23, 28258-28263(2015).
[12] Ballato J, Snitzer E. Fabrication of fibers with high rare-earth concentrations for Faraday isolator applications[J]. Applied Optics, 34, 6848-6854(1995).
[13] Fang Z J, Xiao X S, Wang X et al. Glass-ceramic optical fiber containing Ba2TiSi2O8 nanocrystals for frequency conversion of lasers[J]. Scientific Reports, 7, 44456(2017).
[14] Kang S L, Huang Z P, Lin W et al. Enhanced single-mode fiber laser emission by nano-crystallization of oxyfluoride glass-ceramic cores[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 7, 5155-5162(2019).
[15] Fan J T, Yuan X Q, Li R H et al. Intense photoluminescence at 2.7 μm in transparent Er 3+∶CaF2-fluorophosphate glass microcomposite[J]. Optics Letters, 36, 4347-4349(2011).
[16] Xu R R, Tian Y, Hu L L et al. Enhanced emission of 2.7 μm pumped by laser diode from Er 3+/Pr 3+-codoped germanate glasses[J]. Optics Letters, 36, 1173-1175(2011).
[17] Gorni G, Velázquez J J, Kochanowicz M et al. Tunable upconversion emission in NaLuF4-glass-ceramic fibers doped with Er 3+ and Yb 3+[J]. RSC Advances, 9, 31699-31707(2019).
[18] Kang S L, Fang Z J, Huang X J et al. Precisely controllable fabrication of Er 3+-doped glass ceramic fibers: novel mid-infrared fiber laser materials[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 5, 4549-4556(2017).
[19] He L N, Özdemir Ş K, Yang L. Whispering gallery microcavity lasers[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 7, 60-82(2013).
[20] Chiasera A, Dumeige Y, Féron P et al. Spherical whispering-gallery-mode microresonators[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 4, 457-482(2010).
[21] Yang S C, Wang Y, Sun H D. Advances and prospects for whispering gallery mode microcavities[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 3, 1136-1162(2015).
[22] Jiang X F, Xiao Y F, Zou C L et al. 24(35): OP260-OP264[J]. ultralow-threshold lasing from on-chip ultrahigh-
[23] Tang B, Dong H X, Sun L X et al. Single-mode lasers based on cesium lead halide perovskite submicron spheres[J]. ACS Nano, 11, 10681-10688(2017).
[24] Rokhsari H, Vahala K J. Ultralow loss, High Q, four port resonant couplers for quantum optics and photonics[J]. Physical Review Letters, 92, 253905(2004).
[27] Bashar S B, Wu C X, Suja M et al. Electrically pumped whispering gallery mode lasing from Au/ZnO microwire Schottky junction[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 4, 2063-2067(2016).
[29] Sandoghdar V, Treussart F, Hare J et al. Very low threshold whispering-gallery-mode microsphere laser[J]. Physical Review A, 54, R1777-R1780(1996).
[32] Dong C H, Yang Y, Shen Y L et al. Observation of microlaser with Er-doped phosphate glass coated microsphere pumped by 780 nm[J]. Optics Communications, 283, 5117-5120(2010).
[33] Zhu H, Chen X, Jin L M et al. Amplified spontaneous emission and lasing from lanthanide-doped up-conversion nanocrystals[J]. ACS Nano, 7, 11420-11426(2013).
[34] Fernandez-Bravo A, Yao K Y, Barnard E S et al. Continuous-wave upconverting nanoparticle microlasers[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 13, 572-577(2018).
[35] Ouyang T C, Kang S L, Zhang Z S et al. Microlaser output from rare-earth ion-doped nanocrystal-in-glass microcavities[J]. Advanced Optical Materials, 7, 1900197(2019).
[36] Lawandy N M, Balachandran R M. Gomes A S L, et al. Laser action in strongly scattering media[J]. Nature, 368, 436-438(1994).
[37] Wiersma D S. Disordered photonics[J]. Nature Photonics, 7, 188-196(2013).
[38] Cao H. Random lasers: development, features and applications[J]. Optics and Photonics News, 16, 24-29(2005).
[39] Luan F, Gu B B. Gomes A S L, et al. Lasing in nanocomposite random media[J]. Nano Today, 10, 168-192(2015).
[40] Song Q H, Xiao S M, Xu Z B et al. Random lasing in bone tissue[J]. Optics Letters, 35, 1425-1427(2010).
[41] Baudouin Q, Mercadier N, Guarrera V et al. A cold-atom random laser[J]. Nature Physics, 9, 357-360(2013).
[42] García P, Sapienza R. Blanco, et al. Photonic glass: a novel random material for light[J]. Advanced Materials, 19, 2597-2602(2007).
[43] Hsu H C, Wu C Y, Hsieh W F. Stimulated emission and lasing of random-growth oriented ZnO nanowires[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 97, 064315(2005).
[45] Ma R, Rao Y J, Zhang W L et al. Multimode random fiber laser for speckle-free imaging[J]. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 25, 1-6(2019).
[46] Xu X H, Zhang W F, Jin L M et al. Random lasing in Eu 3+doped borate glass-ceramic embedded with Ag nanoparticles under direct three-photon excitation[J]. Nanoscale, 7, 16246-16250(2015).
[47] Xu X H, Zhang W F, Yang D C et al. Phonon-assisted population inversion in lanthanide-doped upconversion Ba2LaF7 nanocrystals in glass-ceramics[J]. Advanced Materials, 28, 8045-8050(2016).
[48] Li X Y, Chen D Q, Huang F et al. Phase-selective nanocrystallization of NaLnF4 in aluminosilicate glass for random laser and 940 nm LED-excitable upconverted luminescence[J]. Laser & Photonics Reviews, 12, 1800030(2018).