Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection

Shanshan Cheng; Zhili Chen; Xiaowei Chen; Bo Wang; Tingkang Huang

doi:10.3788/AOS241797

Journals >Acta Optica Sinica >Volume 45 >Issue 5 >Page 0511002 > Article

Acta Optica Sinica
Vol. 45, Issue 5, 0511002 (2025)

Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection

Shanshan Cheng¹, Zhili Chen^1,*, Xiaowei Chen², Bo Wang², and Tingkang Huang²

Author Affiliations

¹School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi , China

²Huizhou Foryou Multimedia Electronics Co., Ltd., Huizhou 516006, Guangdong , China

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DOI: 10.3788/AOS241797 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Shanshan Cheng, Zhili Chen, Xiaowei Chen, Bo Wang, Tingkang Huang. Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(5): 0511002 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Geometric diagram of side view projection of far optical path

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Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of dual path oblique projection vehicle-mounted head-up display system

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Fig. 3. System implementation schematic diagram

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Fig. 4. Solid model diagram of windshield

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Fig. 5. Surface sag diagram of windshield

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Fig. 6. Diagram of position of human eye in eyebox

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Fig. 7. 3D diagram of dual PGU dual image plane projection optical path

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Fig. 8. 3D diagram of dual-path oblique projection automotive head-up display system

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Fig. 9. Spot diagrams for location of center eye points of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path

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Fig. 10. MTF curves of central eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path

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Fig. 11. Grid distortion diagrams of center eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path

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Fig. 12. UI diagrams before and after near optical path simulation. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation

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Fig. 13. UI diagrams before and after far optical path simulations. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation

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Parameter of HUD	Value
VID /m	Far: 6.5‒8.5; near: 5
FOV /[(°)×(°)]	Far: 10×2; near: 10×1
LDA /(°)	2.55
Eyebox size /(mm×mm)	130×50
PGU size /(mm×mm)	92.16×46.08 (1280 pixel×640 pixel)
Grid distortion /%	$< 5$
MTF at $7 l p / m m$	$> 0.5$

Table 1. Design indexes of optical system

Position of eye point	Far optical path	Near optical path
Center	18.163	17.066
Left	21.636	22.346
Right	18.257	23.818
Above	17.502	17.550
Below	21.222	20.474
Upper left	14.530	23.786
Upper right	15.313	26.210
Lower left	14.618	21.600
Lower right	14.128	23.489

Table 2. Maximum RMS radii of 9 eye points in near and far optical paths

Position of eye point	Far optical path	Near optical path
Center	0.591	0.592
Left	0.619	0.557
Right	0.620	0.542
Above	0.597	0.594
Below	0.586	0.575
Upper left	0.642	0.549
Upper right	0.637	0.524
Lower left	0.610	0.548
Lower right	0.611	0.541

Table 3. Minimum MTFs of 9 eye points in near and far optical paths

Position of eye point	Far optical path	Near optical path
Center	3.38	-0.86
Left	3.29	1.28
Right	3.45	1.14
Above	2.77	-1.23
Below	4.09	-2.27
Upper left	2.72	1.22
Upper right	2.76	-1.31
Lower left	4.00	-2.41
Lower right	4.17	-2.09

Table 4. Maximum grid distortion values of 9 eye point positions in near and far optical paths

Tolerance type	Windshield	Freeform secondary mirror	Optical wedge	Freeform primary mirror
Radius /mm	$\pm 1$	$\pm 1$	$\pm 1$	$\pm 1$
Thickness /mm	$\pm 0.2$	$\pm 0.2$	$\pm 0.2$	$\pm 0.2$
Decenter in x direction /mm	$\pm 0.2$ 0	$\pm 0.2$ 0	$\pm 0.01$	$\pm 0.2$ 0
Decenter in y direction /mm	$\pm 0.2$ 0	$\pm 0.2$ 0	$\pm 0.01$	$\pm 0.2$ 0
Tilt in x direction /（°）	$\pm 0.1$ 0	$\pm 0.1$ 0	$\pm 0.02$	$\pm 0.2$ 0
Tilt in y direction /（°）	$\pm 0.1$ 0	$\pm 0.1$ 0	$\pm 0.02$	$\pm 0.2$ 0
Index	—	—	$\pm 0.001$	—
Abbe number /%	—	—	$\pm 0.1$	—

Table 5. System tolerance distribution table

Percentage of sample	MTF value at far optical path	MTF value at near optical path
90%	0.64598510	0.46397618
80%	0.65125779	0.51108173
50%	0.65850511	0.58200421
20%	0.66352896	0.62220167
10%	0.66481970	0.63095607

Table 6. Monte Carlo analysis results

Shanshan Cheng, Zhili Chen, Xiaowei Chen, Bo Wang, Tingkang Huang. Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(5): 0511002

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