• Acta Optica Sinica
  • Vol. 45, Issue 5, 0511002 (2025)
Shanshan Cheng1, Zhili Chen1,*, Xiaowei Chen2, Bo Wang2, and Tingkang Huang2
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi , China
  • 2Huizhou Foryou Multimedia Electronics Co., Ltd., Huizhou 516006, Guangdong , China
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    DOI: 10.3788/AOS241797 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Shanshan Cheng, Zhili Chen, Xiaowei Chen, Bo Wang, Tingkang Huang. Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(5): 0511002 Copy Citation Text show less
    Geometric diagram of side view projection of far optical path
    Fig. 1. Geometric diagram of side view projection of far optical path
    Schematic diagram of dual path oblique projection vehicle-mounted head-up display system
    Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of dual path oblique projection vehicle-mounted head-up display system
    System implementation schematic diagram
    Fig. 3. System implementation schematic diagram
    Solid model diagram of windshield
    Fig. 4. Solid model diagram of windshield
    Surface sag diagram of windshield
    Fig. 5. Surface sag diagram of windshield
    Diagram of position of human eye in eyebox
    Fig. 6. Diagram of position of human eye in eyebox
    3D diagram of dual PGU dual image plane projection optical path
    Fig. 7. 3D diagram of dual PGU dual image plane projection optical path
    3D diagram of dual-path oblique projection automotive head-up display system
    Fig. 8. 3D diagram of dual-path oblique projection automotive head-up display system
    Spot diagrams for location of center eye points of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    Fig. 9. Spot diagrams for location of center eye points of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    MTF curves of central eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    Fig. 10. MTF curves of central eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    Grid distortion diagrams of center eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    Fig. 11. Grid distortion diagrams of center eye point positions of near and far optical paths. (a) Far optical path; (b) near optical path
    UI diagrams before and after near optical path simulation. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation
    Fig. 12. UI diagrams before and after near optical path simulation. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation
    UI diagrams before and after far optical path simulations. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation
    Fig. 13. UI diagrams before and after far optical path simulations. (a) Before simulation; (b) after simulation
    Parameter of HUDValue
    VID /mFar: 6.5‒8.5; near: 5
    FOV /[(°)×(°)]Far: 10×2; near: 10×1
    LDA /(°)2.55
    Eyebox size /(mm×mm)130×50
    PGU size /(mm×mm)

    92.16×46.08

    (1280 pixel×640 pixel)

    Grid distortion /%<5
    MTF at 7 lp /mm>0.5
    Table 1. Design indexes of optical system
    Position of eye pointFar optical pathNear optical path
    Center18.16317.066
    Left21.63622.346
    Right18.25723.818
    Above17.50217.550
    Below21.22220.474
    Upper left14.53023.786
    Upper right15.31326.210
    Lower left14.61821.600
    Lower right14.12823.489
    Table 2. Maximum RMS radii of 9 eye points in near and far optical paths
    Position of eye pointFar optical pathNear optical path
    Center0.5910.592
    Left0.6190.557
    Right0.6200.542
    Above0.5970.594
    Below0.5860.575
    Upper left0.6420.549
    Upper right0.6370.524
    Lower left0.6100.548
    Lower right0.6110.541
    Table 3. Minimum MTFs of 9 eye points in near and far optical paths
    Position of eye pointFar optical pathNear optical path
    Center3.38-0.86
    Left3.291.28
    Right3.451.14
    Above2.77-1.23
    Below4.09-2.27
    Upper left2.721.22
    Upper right2.76-1.31
    Lower left4.00-2.41
    Lower right4.17-2.09
    Table 4. Maximum grid distortion values of 9 eye point positions in near and far optical paths
    Tolerance typeWindshieldFreeform secondary mirrorOptical wedgeFreeform primary mirror
    Radius /mm±1±1±1±1
    Thickness /mm±0.2±0.2±0.2±0.2
    Decenter in x direction /mm±0.20±0.20±0.01±0.20
    Decenter in y direction /mm±0.20±0.20±0.01±0.20
    Tilt in x direction /(°)±0.10±0.10±0.02±0.20
    Tilt in y direction /(°)±0.10±0.10±0.02±0.20
    Index±0.001
    Abbe number /%±0.1
    Table 5. System tolerance distribution table

    Percentage

    of sample

    MTF value at far optical pathMTF value at near optical path
    90%0.645985100.46397618
    80%0.651257790.51108173
    50%0.658505110.58200421
    20%0.663528960.62220167
    10%0.664819700.63095607
    Table 6. Monte Carlo analysis results
    Shanshan Cheng, Zhili Chen, Xiaowei Chen, Bo Wang, Tingkang Huang. Design of Head-Up Display System Using Dual Optical Path Oblique Projection[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2025, 45(5): 0511002
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