• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 59, Issue 2, 0210012 (2022)
Qizhen Hou, Jingyan Sun*, Hao Wang, and Huiying Duan
Author Affiliations
  • College of Electronic Information and Automation, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP202259.0210012 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Qizhen Hou, Jingyan Sun, Hao Wang, Huiying Duan. Runway Edge Lights Brightness Detection Based on Improved RetinaNet[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(2): 0210012 Copy Citation Text show less
    Schematic diagram of image acquisition system for runway edge lights
    Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of image acquisition system for runway edge lights
    Structure of the RetinaNet
    Fig. 2. Structure of the RetinaNet
    Calculation process of standard convolution and depth separable convolution. (a) Standard convolution; (b) depthwise convolution; (c) pointwise convolution
    Fig. 3. Calculation process of standard convolution and depth separable convolution. (a) Standard convolution; (b) depthwise convolution; (c) pointwise convolution
    Structure of the linear inverted residual module. (a) Identity residual block; (b) convolutional residual block
    Fig. 4. Structure of the linear inverted residual module. (a) Identity residual block; (b) convolutional residual block
    Structure of the FPN
    Fig. 5. Structure of the FPN
    Data set image example. (a) Strong natural light image; (b) weak natural light image; (c) image without natural light; (d) image of 1-level light; (e) image of 2-level light; (f) image of 3-level light
    Fig. 6. Data set image example. (a) Strong natural light image; (b) weak natural light image; (c) image without natural light; (d) image of 1-level light; (e) image of 2-level light; (f) image of 3-level light
    Runway edge light image after data enhancement
    Fig. 7. Runway edge light image after data enhancement
    Test results of the test set. (a) Image of 1-level light; (b) image of 2-level light; (c) image of 3-level light; (d) strong natural light image
    Fig. 8. Test results of the test set. (a) Image of 1-level light; (b) image of 2-level light; (c) image of 3-level light; (d) strong natural light image
    Images of runway edge lights with different focal lengths and weather conditions
    Fig. 9. Images of runway edge lights with different focal lengths and weather conditions
    Detection results of different models on the same image. (a) Detection results of the model obtained from 3-level light image on 3-level light image; (b) detection results of the model obtained from 1-level light image on 3-level light image
    Fig. 10. Detection results of different models on the same image. (a) Detection results of the model obtained from 3-level light image on 3-level light image; (b) detection results of the model obtained from 1-level light image on 3-level light image
    InputOperatorOutput
    DW × DH × MConv 1×1,ReLUDW × DH × tM
    DW × DH × tMDW Conv 3×3,step size is s,ReLUDW/s × DH /s × tM
    DW/s × DH/s × tMConv 1×1,ReLUDW/s × DH/s × N
    Table 1. Calculation steps of the inverted residual module
    StageOperatorInput size
    Stage 1Conv 7×7×64,s=2224×224×3
    MaxPool 3×3,s=2112×112×64
    Stage 2Conv block56×56×64
    identity block×256×56×256
    Stage 3Conv block56×56×256
    identity block×328×28×512
    Stage 4Conv block28×28×512
    identity block×2214×14×1024
    Stage 5Conv block14×14×1024
    identity block×27×7×2048
    Table 2. Structure of the improved feature extraction network
    ModelAP(weak)/%AP(bright)/%mAP /%Recall /%FPS
    SSD84.685.385.085.424.7
    Faster R-CNN86.584.285.586.222.4
    YOLOv494.395.595.695.826.5
    RetinaNet95.296.496.496.325.2
    Ours96.297.597.296.525.9
    Table 3. Test results of different models on airport runway edge lights
    Data setAP(weak)/%AP(bright)/%mAP /%Recall /%FPS
    Strong natural light image94.595.795.695.026.0
    Weak natural light image96.296.796.696.025.6
    Image without natural light96.296.596.595.925.9
    Image of 1-level light96.796.296.796.125.3
    Image of 2-level light96.596.696.196.325.8
    Image of 3-level light96.296.596.796.025.9
    Table 4. Test results of our method on different data sets
    Qizhen Hou, Jingyan Sun, Hao Wang, Huiying Duan. Runway Edge Lights Brightness Detection Based on Improved RetinaNet[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(2): 0210012
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