Recently， new photoelectronic materials， magnetic materials and low-dimensional quantum materials， etc， are research frontiers of condensed matter physics. The nanoscale near-field optical dynamics for materials have drawn widely attention due to their rich physics and promising applications. The combination of the ultrahigh temporal resolution of femtosecond laser and the ultrahigh spatial resolution of photoemission electron microscopy is an ultrahigh spatialtemporal-resolved measurement technology， which has injected new vitality to material physics and surface physics and has provided a strong platform. In this review， the ultrahigh spatiotemporal-resolved photoemission electron microscopy is introduced. And the application and progress on the dynamics of surface plasmons， low-dimensional materials and other novel semiconductors， and heterostructure interfaces are discussed. Finally， an outlook in the investigation of surface and interface physics in fs-nm scale are given.