With digital imaging and spectral measurement, multispectral imaging technology is a new non-invasive technique to record optical information. Based on the analysis of the application of multispectral imaging in domestic and overseas cultural heritage field, simulated plate of Dunhuang mural pigments and modern Chinese paintings are analyzed using self-developed system at 300~1000 nm to prove its applicability. The results show that pigments with similar color can be identified quickly in multispectral images. Combined with laser Raman microspectroscopy, mineral phases in these pigments can be further determined. Meanwhile, the distribution of materials with ultraviolet induced visible fluorescence, the draft, the watermark in the painting can be well revealed. It is illustrated that various information of colored artworks can be obtained effectively by multispectral analysis, and the technique has good application foreground in the study of colored artworks.