With the further integration of various emerging information technologies and power grids, various wireless optical technology schemes relying on and serving smart power have been put forward and formed a preliminary scale. In this work, the main classification and frontier development of the smart power wireless optical technology are described from the aspects of the channel characteristics and transmission schemes of the fusion of power line communication and visible light communication, hybrid radio frequency power visible light communication, power wireless optical indoor positioning and relay, high voltage line wireless light monitoring, and so on. Then, combined with a number of prototype experiments, this paper introduces the levels of main technical indicators of various smart power wireless optical technologies in terms of the transmission rate, coverage, positioning accuracy, energy consumption, and so on. Finally, the major challenges and potential solutions of the smart power wireless optical technology are provided.