Aerosol is the main part of atmospheric contamination PM2.5 and haze. Near-ground aerosol affects human living and production directly. Using side-scatter lidar system based on charge-coupled device (CCD) and the retrieval method, the acquired experimental data are processed and analyzed. The detection correctness of CCD side-scatter lidar system is validated by comparing with backscattering lidar system. The characteristics of aerosol backscattering coefficient at an altitude within 3 km in April 2014 at Dongpu Island, western suburb of Hefei are analyzed as changing with time and altitude, aerosol backscattering coefficient is linear to mass concentration of PM2.5 when the weather is fine, and aerosol concentration is comparatively large near ground. The experimental results show that side-scatter lidar system based on CCD is an effective new method of exploring the aerosol concentration near ground.