Fig. 1. Flow chart of proposed algorithm

Fig. 2. Constellation diagrams when frequency offset is ignored . (a) Constellation diagram when carrier phase recovery is not performed; (b) constellation diagram after processing by traditional M-th power carrier phase recovery algorithm; (c) constellation diagram after processing by proposed algorithm

Fig. 3. Error between signal phase and original modulation phase. (a) Error after phase compensation using traditional M-th power carrier phase recovery algorithm; (b) error after phase compensation using proposed algorithm

Fig. 4. Constellation diagrams. (a) Constellation diagram when 1-GHz frequency offset is added and carrier phase recovery is not performed; (b) constellation diagram after phase recovery using traditional M-th power carrier phase recovery algorithm, without compensation for frequency offset; (c) constellation diagram after phase recovery using proposed algorithm, without compensation for frequency offset

Fig. 5. Maximum frequency offset that proposed algorithm can tolerate as function of signal-to-noise ratio without compensation for frequency offset

Fig. 6. Minimum signal-to-noise ratio that meets requirement of proposed algorithm as function of linewidth with and without compensation for frequency offset