In the present paper, the meliorated saline-alkaline land by mixing sand in the north of Shaanxi province was chosen as the study area. The growth situation of the corn in the study area was measured, and soil samples and hyperspectral data were collected. The barrier factors for saline-alkaline land use were obtained by analysing the properties of soil samples. And the hyperspectral characteristics of the barrier factors were studied to elicit the quantitative inverse model, and the accuracy was verified. The study results indicated that the salt content in soil was the primary factor restricting the saline-alkaline land use, and capillary porosity was also the barrier factor because of its good correlation with the salt content. The precisions of quantitative inverse model of salt content and capillary porosity with hyperspectral data were good (the determinate coefficients R2 were 0.938 and 0.973). The test result with testing points showed that there were good correlations between the measured value and predicted value of salt content and capillary porosity (the slope was near to 1, and R2 was 0.840 4 and 0.796 5), the accuracy was good. It is of great promotion for guiding the saline-alkaline land consolidation and use that the barrier factors for saline-alkaline land use were interpreted quantitatively by hyperspectral data.