High-efficiency luminescence of Si-based material is essential for the development of photoelectronic integration .One dimensional photonic crystal (1D PC) with microcavity (MC) could enhance its intensity and narrow its spectrum greatly. Several Si-based luminescent 1D PC MC structures are introduced,including single-mode symmetrical and asymmetrical structures、multi-mode structure and electrically injected structure. Then their transmission spectra of defect modes are calculated by the transfer matrix method,which can reflect their luminescent spectra indirectly.