Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) is an important distributed optical fiber sensing technology based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect. It has many advantages such as multi-parameter sensing, high accuracy, and long sensing distance. Accordingly, it is especially suitable for fault location and health monitoring in high-risk fields such as large infrastructure, petrochemical industry, power communication network and undersea optical fiber cable. The traditional BOTDA is only capable of static measurement, which seriously restricts its application scenarios and development prospects. The dynamic measurement techniques using BOTDA are summarized and the measurement principles are also introduced in detail. The basic factors and research difficulties which affect its sensing speed are discussed, and the future development prospect is forecasted.