hrough detecting the Doppler shifts of airglow (aurora) in upper atmosphere, the physical quantity such as velocity, temperature and pressure of upper atmosphere is derived. Taking the aurora (two major lines of the emission of the atomic oxygen) in upper atmosphere as the detection source, the detection principle and method of the line based on the Lorentzian profile are researched; the distribution of the velocity, temperature and pressure and their calculation formula are given out based on the Lorentzian profile, using computer imitation, the error curve is described, so it is shown that the Lorentzian profile is very important in the upper atmospheric wind detection.