Fig. 1. Sensing principle of FBG
Fig. 2. (a) Structure and (b) installation of FBG strain sensors with low temperature sensitivity
Fig. 3. Relationship between central wavelength variation and temperature under three temperature tests
Fig. 4. Relationship between the sensor central wavelength and bare FBG. (a)、(b)、(c) are sensors 1,2, 3, respectively
Fig. 5. FBG sensors distribution diagram
Fig. 6. Variations of pile shaft force.(a), (b), (c), (d) are pile shafts SZ1, SZ2, SZ3, SZ4, respectively
Fig. 7. Variations of toe resistance and sides resistance during installation. (a), (b), (c), (d) are pile shafts SZ1, SZ2, SZ3, SZ4, respectively
Soilnumber | Soilname | Soilthickness /m | Naturalmoisturecontentw /% | Naturalgravity /(kN·m-3) | Voidratioe | SoilproportionGS | PlasticityindexIP /% | LiquidityindexIL /% | CompressionmodulusES /MPa |
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① | fill | 0-3.3 | | | | | | | | ② | silty clay | 0.3-5.8 | 25.7 | 19.36 | 0.73 | 2.72 | 12.6 | 0.64 | 4.5 | ③ | sandy silt | 3.5-12.0 | 31.2 | 18.52 | 0.87 | 2.69 | 6.9 | | 5.5 | ④ | silty clay | 8.9-13.5 | 44.8 | 17.07 | 1.28 | 2.74 | 17.2 | 1.46 | 2.0 | ⑤ | silty clay | 12.8-15.7 | 23.4 | 19.77 | 0.67 | 2.72 | 12.8 | 0.58 | 7.5 | ⑥ | round gravel | 14.5-17.0 | | | | | | | | ⑦ | round gravel and pebble | 15.6-25.4 | | | | | | | |
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Table 1. Soil distribution and physical-mechanical properties of subsoil at testing site
Number | Centerwavelength /nm | Wavelengthchange /nm |
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1 | 1514.091 | 0.484 | 2 | 1520.356 | 0.470 | 3 | 1524.984 | 0.440 | 4 | 1529.362 | 0.410 | 5 | 1534.987 | 0.381 | 6 | 1539.765 | 0.286 | 7 | 1544.578 | 0.223 | 8 | 1559.467 | 0.161 | 9 | 1565.864 | 0.097 |
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Table 2. Center wavelength of SZ1 grating and wavelength change when the grating is injected to 18 m