• Matter and Radiation at Extremes
  • Vol. 7, Issue 4, 044403 (2022)
Jingli Gao1, Difa Ye2, Jie Liu1、3, and Wei Kang1、a)
Author Affiliations
  • 1HEDPS, Center for Applied Physics and Technology and College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • 2Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100088, China
  • 3Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China
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    DOI: 10.1063/5.0085861 Cite this Article
    Jingli Gao, Difa Ye, Jie Liu, Wei Kang. Transition of the generation mechanism of high-order harmonics in an extended neon system[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2022, 7(4): 044403 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Using a time-dependent density functional theory method, we perform a systematic numerical study of the transition of high-order harmonic generation in neon (Ne) systems from an isolated Ne atom to an extended Ne system of solid density. We show that ionized electrons wander in such extended systems until they meet a nearby ion and collide with it. The maximum energy edge for the main feature of the high-order harmonic spectrum in this “wandering electron” picture is determined as Eedge = Ip + 8Up, where Ip is the ionization energy of Ne and Up is the ponderomotive energy delivered by the driving laser. The factor of 8 comes from the maximum kinetic energy of an ionized electron in the driving laser field. Beyond the atomic limit of high-order harmonic spectra, a multiplatform feature is observed, corresponding to re-collisions of ionized electrons with their nearby ions. It is also shown that a Ne simple cubic lattice of appropriate size provides a selection condition for the direction of polarization of high-order harmonics beyond the atomic limit, which may be further used to manipulate the emitted radiation.
    itψα(r,t)=22+Vext(r,t)+VH[n(r,t)]+Vxc[n(r,t)]ψα(r,t),

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    j(r,t)=i2αψα*(r,t)ψα(r,t)ψα(r,t)ψα*(r,t).

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    HHG(ω)=FTtΩd3rj(r,t)2,

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    I(t)=ωlωheiωtFTtΩd3rj(r,t)2.

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    V(x,y,z)=V0[sin2(kLx)+sin2(kLy)+sin2(kLz)],

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    A(t)=8πI0/cωS(t)cos(ωt+ϕ0)ê,

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    Jingli Gao, Difa Ye, Jie Liu, Wei Kang. Transition of the generation mechanism of high-order harmonics in an extended neon system[J]. Matter and Radiation at Extremes, 2022, 7(4): 044403
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