Author Affiliations
1 College of Surveying and Geo-Information, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China2 Key Laboratory of Advanced Engineering Surveying of National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China3 Shanghai Construction No.4 (Group) Co. LTD, Shanghai 201103, China4 Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and Research Institute, Shanghai 201203, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Framework of proposed algorithm
Fig. 2. Flow chart of adaptive component model design
Fig. 3. Adaptive component model. (a) Vertical view of vertical floor point cloud; (b) defining adaptive starting and ending points; (c) drawing component subunit shape profile; (d) subunit component shape
Fig. 4. Flow chart of common component model design
Fig. 5. Schematic of real-time tilted tilted liquid cargo. (a) Real-time tilted tank; (b) simulated liquid cargo
Fig. 6. Framework of algorithm for calculating real-time liquid cargo volume
Fig. 7. Images of experimental tank
Fig. 8. Point cloud segmentation results of tank. (a) Point cloud of bulkhead; (b) point cloud of component
Fig. 9. Modeling results of tank. (a) Model of bulkhead; (b) model of component
Fig. 10. Simulation and calculation of real-time liquid cargo. (a) Real-time attitude of bulkhead model; (b) real-time attitude of component model; (c) model of lower bulkhead; (d) model of lower component
Fig. 11. Areas of model accuracy calculation. (a) Gradually changing floor; (b) frame; (c) strengthening bracket
Fig. 12. Relative error of tank capacity
Component specie | Component volume /m3 |
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Bulkhead longitudinal stiffener | 30.784 | Deck longitudinal stiffener | 40.012 | Vertical stiffener | 8.023 | Vertical floor | 10.866 | Gradually changing floor | 7.157 | Beam | 23.627 | Horizontal frame | 22.621 | Vertical frame | 7.140 | Railing | 1.270 | Armrest frame | 0.221 | Ladder | 2.571 | Working platform | 1.072 | Pipe | 5.474 | Pipe supports | 0.233 | Strengthening bracket | 23.062 |
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Table 1. Component volume
Empty height /m | Cargo volume /m3 | Empty volume /m3 | Empty height /m | Cargo volume /m3 | Empty volume /m3 |
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17.500 | 1362.823 | 12046.744 | 11.000 | 5266.818 | 8142.749 | 17.000 | 1615.347 | 11794.220 | 10.500 | 5612.842 | 7796.725 | 16.500 | 1875.627 | 11533.940 | 10.000 | 5966.487 | 7443.08 | 16.000 | 2140.307 | 11269.260 | 9.500 | 6323.418 | 7086.149 | 15.500 | 2415.856 | 10993.711 | 9.000 | 6683.34 | 6726.227 | 15.000 | 2702.177 | 10707.390 | 8.500 | 7045.526 | 6364.041 | 14.500 | 2996.880 | 10412.687 | 8.000 | 7409.16 | 6000.407 | 14.000 | 3299.669 | 10109.898 | 7.500 | 7773.986 | 5635.581 | 13.500 | 3611.078 | 9798.489 | 7.000 | 8138.726 | 5270.841 | 13.000 | 3930.173 | 9479.394 | 6.500 | 8503.695 | 4905.872 | 12.500 | 4256.682 | 9152.885 | 6.000 | 8868.325 | 4541.242 | 12.000 | 4589.720 | 8819.847 | 5.500 | 9228.534 | 4181.033 | 11.500 | 4927.113 | 8482.454 | 5.000 | 9587.491 | 3822.076 |
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Table 2. Real-time liquid cargo volume (tank posture: vertical inclination 1°, horizontal inclination 2°)
Analysisarea | Maximumdeviation /mm | Minimumdeviation /mm | Averagedeviation /mm | <1 mm deviationproportion /% |
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1 | 3.5 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 95 | 2 | 5.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 93 | 3 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 96 | 4 | 2.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 95 | 5 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 93 | 6 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 92 | 7 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 97 | 8 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 95 | 9 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 97 | 10 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 95 | 11 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 95 | 12 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 92 | 13 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 96 | 14 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 97 | 15 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 93 | 16 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 96 | 17 | 2.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 98 | 18 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 96 | 19 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 96 | 20 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 97 |
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Table 3. Calculation results of model accuracy