Quantum Key Agreement Protocols Immune to Collective Noise

Jie Tang; Lei Shi; Jiahua Wei; Huicun Yu; Tianxiong Wu; Yang Xue

doi:10.3788/LOP57.172703

Journals >Laser & Optoelectronics Progress >Volume 57 >Issue 17 >Page 172703 > Article

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
Vol. 57, Issue 17, 172703 (2020)

Quantum Key Agreement Protocols Immune to Collective Noise

Jie Tang, Lei Shi^***, Jiahua Wei^**, Huicun Yu^*, Tianxiong Wu, and Yang Xue

Author Affiliations

College of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710077, China

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DOI: 10.3788/LOP57.172703 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Jie Tang, Lei Shi, Jiahua Wei, Huicun Yu, Tianxiong Wu, Yang Xue. Quantum Key Agreement Protocols Immune to Collective Noise[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(17): 172703 Copy Citation Text

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${C^{l}}_{A}$	{ $q_{3}^{i}$ , $q_{4}^{i}$ }
00	\|00>
01	\|01>
10	\|10>
11	\|11>

Table 1. Bit string and its corresponding state

Measurement result of Bob	Measurement result of Alice	Value of C^l_A	Raw key M
\|G₁>	\|+>	00	000
\|G₂>	\|->	00	001
\|G₁>	\|+>	01	010
\|G₂>	\|->	01	011
\|G₃>	\|+>	10	100
\|G₄>	\|->	10	101
\|G₃>	\|+>	11	110
\|G₄>	\|->	11	111

Table 2. Measurement result and its corresponding value

Initial state	U₀₀	U₀₁	U₁₀	U₁₁
\|+>	\|+>	\|->	\|0>	\|1>
\|->	\|->	\|+>	\|1>	\|0>

Table 3. Unitary operation and its transformation result

Initial state	Unitary operation	Final state
\|Ψ⁺>	U₀₀􀱋U₀₀	\|Ψ⁺>
	U₁₁􀱋U₀₁	\|Ψ^->

Table 4. Transformation rule of state |Ψ⁺>

Measurement result of Bob	Measurement result of Alice	${q_{3}^{i}, q_{4}^{i}}$	Raw key M
\|L₁>	\|+>	\|Φ⁺>	000
\|L₂>	\|->	\|Φ⁺>	001
\|L₁>	\|+>	\|Φ^->	010
\|L₂>	\|->	\|Φ^->	011
\|L₃>	\|+>	\|Ψ⁺>	100
\|L₄>	\|->	\|Ψ⁺>	101
\|L₃>	\|+>	\|Ψ^->	110
\|L₄>	\|->	\|Ψ^->	111

Table 5. Decoding table

QKA protocol	Quantum resource	Quantum measurement basis	Qubit efficiency /%
Method in Ref. [8]	Logical Bell state	Z-basis and X-basis	16.67
Method in Ref. [9]	Logical χ state	ZZ-basis and Bell-basis	21.05
Method in Ref. [10]	Logical Bell state	X-basis and Bell-basis	26.67
Method in Ref. [12]	Logical χ state	Bell-basis	20.00
Method in Ref. [13]	Logical Bell state	Bell-basis	25.00
Proposed protocol	Logical Bell state	X-basis and Bell-basis	27.27

Table 6. Comparison between proposed protocols and other protocols

Jie Tang, Lei Shi, Jiahua Wei, Huicun Yu, Tianxiong Wu, Yang Xue. Quantum Key Agreement Protocols Immune to Collective Noise[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(17): 172703

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