Su-qiao CAO, Hui DAI, Chao-wen WANG, Lu YU, Rui ZUO, Feng WANG, Lian-qiao GUO. Gemological and Spectral Characteristics of Emeralds From Swat Valley, Pakistan[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2022, 42(11): 3533
- Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
- Vol. 42, Issue 11, 3533 (2022)
Fig. 1. Photos of emerald samples in Swat valley
Fig. 2. Comparison of elements content in emeralds from Swat valley (in atoms per formula unit)
(a): Relationship between isomorphic cations and Al; (b): Relationship between movovalent alkali and Mg+Mn+Fe; (c): Triangle plots of FeOt, MgO, Cr2O3 content (Wt%); (d): Triangle plots of FeOt, Cr2O3, V2O3 content (Wt%)
(a): Relationship between isomorphic cations and Al; (b): Relationship between movovalent alkali and Mg+Mn+Fe; (c): Triangle plots of FeOt, MgO, Cr2O3 content (Wt%); (d): Triangle plots of FeOt, Cr2O3, V2O3 content (Wt%)
Fig. 3. FTIR spectra of sample (in reflection method)
Fig. 4. FTIR spectra of samples (in transmission method)
Fig. 5. Raman spectra of samples
(a): Raman spectra of H2O in emerald; (b): Raman spectra of CO2 and N2 in emerald; (c): Raman spectra of talc; (d): Raman spectra of magnetite
(a): Raman spectra of H2O in emerald; (b): Raman spectra of CO2 and N2 in emerald; (c): Raman spectra of talc; (d): Raman spectra of magnetite
Fig. 6. UV-Vis absorption spectra of PE3
Fig. 7. Color division (a) and comparison of Cr content in PE2 (b)
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Table 1. Conventional gemological properties of emeralds in Swat valley
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Table 2. Major- and trace-element concentrations of Pakistan emeralds
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Table 3. Infrared spectrum peak ascription of H2O in emeralds from Swat valley
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