• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 56, Issue 3, 032001 (2019)
Ping Song and Yian Liu*
Author Affiliations
  • College of IOT Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP56.032001 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Ping Song, Yian Liu. Sky-Wave Radar Location Model Based on Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2019, 56(3): 032001 Copy Citation Text show less
    Hierarchy pyramid of grey wolf
    Fig. 1. Hierarchy pyramid of grey wolf
    Bistatic sky-wave radar passive location model
    Fig. 2. Bistatic sky-wave radar passive location model
    Location model implementation flow chart of sky-wave radar based on CMGWO-KELM
    Fig. 3. Location model implementation flow chart of sky-wave radar based on CMGWO-KELM
    Comparison of target prediction position and real position by CMGWO-KELM model
    Fig. 4. Comparison of target prediction position and real position by CMGWO-KELM model
    Absolute value of the prediction error of the three models. (a) Longitude and latitude prediction error; (b) radial distance prediction error
    Fig. 5. Absolute value of the prediction error of the three models. (a) Longitude and latitude prediction error; (b) radial distance prediction error
    No.FunctionnameSearchscopeOptimalvaluePeak
    f1Sphere[-100,100]0Unimodal
    f2Schwefel 2.22[-10,10]0Unimodal
    f3Rastrigin[-5.12,5.12]0Multimodal
    f4Ackley[-32,32]0Multimodal
    Table 1. Benchmarking function
    FunctionAlgorithmOptimal valueWorst valueAverage valueStandard deviation
    f1PSO0.05491.18022.09324.477
    GWO8.820×10-301.160×10-251.722×10-263.072×10-26
    CMGWO3.957×10-361.458×10-322.052×10-333.727×10-33
    f2PSO0.0171.6140.1580.295
    GWO4.555×10-173.943×10-151.040×10-151.192×10-15
    CMGWO1.142×10-201.195×10-182.646×10-192.953×10-19
    f3PSO2.98715.9197.9273.289
    GWO0.00012.1722.6713.105
    CMGWO0.0006.2330.6611.685
    f4PSO0.0045.7352.7041.386
    GWO5.063×10-143.597×10-131.236×10-137.578×10-14
    CMGWO7.994×10-152.931×10-141.415×10-144.659×10-15
    Table 2. Comparison of experimental results by improved GWO algorithm
    No.MethodRadial distance error /km
    1AZ Analytical method location model20.360
    2TDOA/AZ Analytical method location model12.691
    3TDOA/AZ-GWO-KELM location model9.707
    4TDOA/AZ-CMGWO-KELM location model2.944
    Table 3. Absolute value comparison of different prediction models
    Ping Song, Yian Liu. Sky-Wave Radar Location Model Based on Improved Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2019, 56(3): 032001
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