Recent Progress on Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Ceramics

Bo NAN; Jiadong ZANG; Wenlong LU; Tingwang YANG; Shengwei ZHANG; Haibo ZHANG

doi:10.15541/jim20210358

Journals >Journal of Inorganic Materials >Volume 37 >Issue 6 >Page 585 > Article

Journal of Inorganic Materials
Vol. 37, Issue 6, 585 (2022)

Recent Progress on Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Ceramics

Bo NAN^1、2, Jiadong ZANG³, Wenlong LU³, Tingwang YANG³, Shengwei ZHANG³, and Haibo ZHANG^1、2、*

Author Affiliations

¹1. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

²2. Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China

³3. Shenzhen Geekvape Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518100, China

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DOI: 10.15541/jim20210358 Cite this Article

Bo NAN, Jiadong ZANG, Wenlong LU, Tingwang YANG, Shengwei ZHANG, Haibo ZHANG. Recent Progress on Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(6): 585 Copy Citation Text

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1. Connectivities of piezoelectric ceramics and schematic pictures of common AM techniques applied for preparing piezoelectric ceramics

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2. Piezoelectric BT arrays with different shapes^[39]

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3. Design of piezoelectric metamaterials for tailorable piezoelectric charge constants^[44]

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4. Macrostructure, microstructure and application of piezoelectric ceramics prepared by direct ink writing

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5. Different heights of pillar arrays made by ink-jet printing^[71]

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6. Macrostructures and microstructures of samples prepared by fused deposition modelling

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AM techniques	Advantages	Disadvantages	Ingredients of raw materials	Binder system	Ref.
Vat photo- polymerization (VP)	Low surface roughness, high printing accuracy	High cost of ceramic paste and machine, low degree of open source	Photosensitive polymer + ceramic powder/ceramic precursor	Photosensitive polymer	[18-20]
Direct ink writing (DIW)	Open source, multi-materials printing	Clogging of nozzles, high surface roughness	Powder + polymer solution (high viscosity)/ceramic precursor	Water/oil based	[21-22]
Inkjet printing (IP)	Open source, high printing accuracy	Low solids loading, easy precipitation of the particles	Powder + polymer solution (low viscosity)/ceramic precursor	Water/oil based	[23-25]
Fused deposition modelling (FDM)	Open source, low cost of the machine	Low relative density, low accuracy	Ceramic powder + polymer (filament)	Thermal plastic polymers	[26-28]
Binder jetting (BJ)	High quality, gradient materials	High cost of machine, reuse of the powder bed	Powder bed + polymer solution	Water/oil based	[29]

Table 1. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages and composition of the feedstocks among several AM techniques applied in ceramics

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Material	AM techniques	Connectivities	ε_r	tanδ	Poling conditions	d₃₃/(pC·N^-1)	k_t	Ref.
BT	VP	1-3	1350	-	30 kV·cm^-1, 100 ℃ 30 min	160	0.474	[40]
BT	VP	1-3	920	0.07	2 V·μm^-1, 120 ℃ 30 min	87	0.3	[19]
PZT	VP	1-3	1040	0.020	30-40 kV·cm^-1, 70 ℃ 15 min, silicone oil	345	0.53	[45]
PZT	DIW	Concentric ring	1081	-	25 kV·cm^-1, room temperature 30 min	496	-	[57]
KNN	DIW	3-3	1775	-	2.5 kV·mm^-1, 100 ℃ 20 min, silicone oil	280	-	[58]
BT	DIW	Bulk	4730	0.033	0.66 MV·m^-1, 80 ℃ 15 h, silicon oil	200	-	[60]
BCZT	DIW	3-3	1046	0.021	3 kV·mm^-1, room temperature 30 min, silicon oil	(100±4)	-	[63]
Nb-PZT	IP	2-2	~700	~0.04	4 kV·mm^-1, 120 ℃ 40 min, silicon oil	-	0.46	[77]
PZT	FDM	3-3	700	-	25 kV, 70 ℃ 15-20 min, Corona technique	(290±10)	0.5	[85]
PZT	FDM	2-2	627	0.023	26 kV, 60 ℃ 15 min, Corona technique	(397±16)	0.68, 0.32(k_p)	[86]

Table 2. Functional properties of piezoelectric ceramics made by AM

Bo NAN, Jiadong ZANG, Wenlong LU, Tingwang YANG, Shengwei ZHANG, Haibo ZHANG. Recent Progress on Additive Manufacturing of Piezoelectric Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(6): 585

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