• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 62, Issue 7, 0730002 (2025)
Qiyun Guan1, Duo Xu1, Jiaqing Lin1, Zhengyu Zhou1,*..., Xiaoman Qi2 and Qi Chen3|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1School of Ocean and Earth Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • 2Zhejiang Zhenman Jewelry Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310011, Zhejiang , China
  • 3School of Humanities, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP242054 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Qiyun Guan, Duo Xu, Jiaqing Lin, Zhengyu Zhou, Xiaoman Qi, Qi Chen. Spectroscopic Analysis and Characterization of Dyed and Natural Hongjiaohua Crystals[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(7): 0730002 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    To disclose the gemological characteristics of the increasingly numerous dyed Hongjiaohua crystals in the market, natural and dyed Hongjiaohua crystal samples are observed and tested using gemological microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, photoluminescence spectrometer, and Raman spectrometer. The results indicate that the inclusion morphological characteristics of natural and dyed Hongjiaohua crystals exhibit significant discrepancies. Inclusions within natural Hongjiaohua crystals exhibit moss, film, nodular, speckled, cloudy, and gauzy forms. While the inclusions within dyed Hongjiaohua crystals may be in the form of colloidal contraction or condensation cracking of organic matter, with pigment colloids often in granular form. Additionally, a difference exists in their ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. Natural samples display an absorption band approximately at 410 nm and a notable deceleration in the slope of the spectrum around 666 nm. Both of these phenomena are ascribed to the transition of Fe3+ within hematite and goethite. However, dyed Hongjiaohua crystals lack this characteristic. The first derivative spectra of the diffuse reflectance spectra for natural samples indicate the presence of hematite, and some samples exhibit the characteristic peak of goethite. A difference of luminescence is also obvious between natural and dyed samples. Natural specimens exhibit no distinct spectral peaks in their photoluminescence spectra, whereas dyed samples present characteristic peaks that are indicative of the presence of dyes. Raman spectroscopy is employed to analyze the surface inclusions of natural Hongjiaohua crystals, thereby confirming that the primary component of these inclusions is hematite.
    Qiyun Guan, Duo Xu, Jiaqing Lin, Zhengyu Zhou, Xiaoman Qi, Qi Chen. Spectroscopic Analysis and Characterization of Dyed and Natural Hongjiaohua Crystals[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2025, 62(7): 0730002
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