Heavy metal contamination has been rising markedly in mining area and a rapid and accurate assessment technique is of utmost importance. In this study, visible and near-infrared spectra combined with partial least square regression (PLSR) are developed to achieve the rapid monitoring of Cr in soilsfrom Jiaojia-type gold mines. A total of eighty five soil samples were collected to measure the spectra on the spot, thirty five of which were used for chemical analysis. PLSR models were established using primitive spectra (R) and first derivative (RD1), second derivative (RD2) and continuum removal (CR) data to find the most suitable calibration. The best predictive model that used RD1 spectra was applied to determine the contents of Cr in the untested samples and the spatial distribution map was created by universal kriging interpolation. Results illustrated that the major abundance of Cr was concentrated in the range of 36～48 mg·kg-1, with the highest value being 71.8 mg·kg-1 and lowest being 20.9 mg·kg-1. Furthermore, elevation and the orefield showed prominent impacts on the content values of Cr. Generally plain and the areas closed to gold mines tend to have higher concentrations of Cr.