Fig. 1. Scheme of quantum security imaging system^[1]

Fig. 2. Imaging results in each polarization state with or without deception^[1]

Fig. 3. Scheme of quantum security LiDAR^[3]

Fig. 4. Principle (a) and experimental device (b) of quantum target detection^[4]

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of optical quantum LiDAR simulation system^[5]

Fig. 6. Experimental system and imaging results of the first quantum correlation imaging^[7]

Fig. 7. Experimental system (a) and imaging results (b) of classical light source correlation imaging^[8]

Fig. 8. Structure diagram of quantum illumination LiDAR^[20]

Fig. 9. Experimental setup and results of quantum illuminated LiDAR^[22]. (a) Experimental device diagram of quantum illumination; (b) Diagram of classical lighting experimental device; (c) The detection result of twin beam without thermal noise background; (d) Target detection results without thermal noise; (e) Detection results under strong thermal noise background

Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of quantum illumination experimental device^[25]

Fig. 11. Schematic diagram of Mach Zehnder interferometer^[27]. The input modes a and b are coherent state and squeezed vacuum state

Fig. 12. Schematic diagram of four input states and parameter estimation systems and methods^[28]

Fig. 13. Block diagram of compressed vacuum injection interferometric LiDAR system^[30]

Fig. 14. Output signal and phase sensitivity of phase measurement scheme of coherent state and squeezed vacuum state input^[31]

Fig. 15. Device diagram of quantum enhanced Doppler LiDAR detection scheme based on squeezed state light field^[33]. HR: high reflector, AOM: acoustooptic modulator, BS: beam splitter, DBS: double beam splitter, OPA: optical parametric amplifier, PBS: polarization beam splitting prism, PD: photoelectric detector, SA: spectrum analyzer

Fig. 16. Schematic diagram of quantum enhanced LiDAR using phase sensitive amplification and squeezed vacuum state injection^[34]

Fig. 17. Simulation results of quantum enhanced LiDAR based on PSA and SVI^[34]

Fig. 18. Block diagram of quantum enhanced LiDAR system based on phase sensitive amplification^[35]

Fig. 19. Experiment system of QPMS^[37]. BPF: band pass filter, FPC: fiber polarization controller, BS: beam splitter, 3DTS: 3D translation table, APD: avalanche photodiode

Fig. 20. Experimental device of noise tolerant 3D imaging based on QPMS^[38]. MLL: mode locked fiber laser; MEMS, Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems scanning system, ODL: optical delay line, ASE: amplified spontaneous emission, USPD: upconversion single photon detector, Si-APD: silicon avalanche photodiode, FPGA: field programmable gate array