Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with a fluorescent quantum yield of 23% was successfully synthesized by one-step solid-state approach with citric acid and urea as carbon source and nitrogen source. It was found that the obtained CDs have highly disordered carbon structure and show sphere with an average diameter of 3~4 nm. In addition, the surfaces of CDs were covered with hydroxyl, carboxyl and amine groups. Based on the fluorescence resonance, energy transfers from fluorescence carbon dots to ADM (doxorubicin or adriamycin), the fluorescence of CDs can effectively quenched by ADM and a novel method for the sensitive and selective determination of ADM was proposed in this paper. Some experimental parameters, such as pH value of the reaction solution and reaction time were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the decrease of CDs fluorescence intensity was in a good linearity with ADM in the concentration range of 0.67～16.67 μg·mL-1 (R2=0.995), the detection limit of the method was found to be 0.22 μg·mL-1, and the spiked recoveries ranged from 83.0% to 89.2% with RSD no more than 2.5%. he result showed that common relevant substance, cations and anions did not significantly interfere with the detection of ADM．