• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 57, Issue 14, 141013 (2020)
Qinan Li, Haixin Sun*, and Kejia Sun
Author Affiliations
  • School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP57.141013 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Qinan Li, Haixin Sun, Kejia Sun. Fine-grained Classification of Sleeper Shoulder Crack Images Based on Improved B-CNN[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(14): 141013 Copy Citation Text show less
    Crack images of bi-block sleeper shoulder. (a) Normal; (b) invisible crack; (c) obvious crack; (d) fracture crack
    Fig. 1. Crack images of bi-block sleeper shoulder. (a) Normal; (b) invisible crack; (c) obvious crack; (d) fracture crack
    B-CNN model structure
    Fig. 2. B-CNN model structure
    B-CNN forward operation mode. (a) No sharing; (b) partial sharing; (c) full sharing
    Fig. 3. B-CNN forward operation mode. (a) No sharing; (b) partial sharing; (c) full sharing
    Improved B-CNN model structure
    Fig. 4. Improved B-CNN model structure
    Crack images of concentrated sleeper shoulder in test set. (a) Invisible crack sleeper; (b) obvious crack sleeper
    Fig. 5. Crack images of concentrated sleeper shoulder in test set. (a) Invisible crack sleeper; (b) obvious crack sleeper
    Classification accuracy curves of training set
    Fig. 6. Classification accuracy curves of training set
    Loss rate curves of training set
    Fig. 7. Loss rate curves of training set
    ModelVerification set accuracy /%Test set accuracy /%Feature dimension
    B-CNN90.4891.3416×16×512
    B-CNN_GAP91.6292.471×1×512
    B-CNN_GMP90.6390.481×1×512
    B-CNN_GAMP91.4890.061×1×1024
    Table 1. Comparison of accuracy and feature dimensions of different models under full sharing mode on verification set and test set
    CategoryFPR /%FNR /%
    VGG-DB-CNNImproved B-CNNVGG-DB-CNNImproved B-CNN
    Normal3.853.232.2814.139.046.74
    Invisible crack5.353.742.839.267.697.47
    Obvious crack4.293.673.0517.2813.448.89
    Fracture crack2.421.130.945.994.654.07
    Table 2. Fine-grained classification results of test set
    Modelverification set accuracy /%Test set accuracy /%Recall /%Precision /%F1 /%
    VGG-D87.7888.0788.1088.3488.22
    B-CNN91.8991.1991.2591.2991.27
    Improved B-CNN93.8992.7692.8092.7792.79
    Table 3. Classification results of three models on verification set and test set
    ModelFeature extractionspeed /(frame·s-1)Parametersize /MB
    VGG-D0.64949.83
    B-CNN0.94175.81
    Improved B-CNN0.93175.83
    Table 4. Comparison of feature extraction speed and model parameters of different models
    Qinan Li, Haixin Sun, Kejia Sun. Fine-grained Classification of Sleeper Shoulder Crack Images Based on Improved B-CNN[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(14): 141013
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