Laser nano-fabrication technology of high-molecular polymer is an international research focus in the field of precision manufacturing. Based on the nonlinear effect of two-photon， multi-photon nonlinear effects and photoexcitation-photoinhibition mechanism， laser fabrication technology has broken the limits of optical diffraction， realizing a maskless rapid fabrication of three-dimensional complex nanostructures， which powerfully provides efficient solutions for the nanostructure fabrication demands in relevant fields. In this paper， the development history of laser high-molecular polymer nano-fabrication technology was briefly reviewed， and the principle of realizing nano-precision fabrication through laser and corresponding technology characteristics were described in details. Moreover， the new development and applications of laser nano-fabrication technology in the fields of micro-nano optics， optical information storage， biomimetic materials， biomedical diagnosis and treatment and so on were summarized. Eventually， challenges in laser nano-fabrication technology of high-molecular polymer and its future development were prospected.