• Infrared and Laser Engineering
  • Vol. 51, Issue 12, 20220143 (2022)
Naifei Ren, Huayu Yang, and Kaibo Xia*
Author Affiliations
  • School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/IRLA20220143 Cite this Article
    Naifei Ren, Huayu Yang, Kaibo Xia. Influence of different water-assisted methods on femtosecond laser layered-ring trepanning in superalloy[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2022, 51(12): 20220143 Copy Citation Text show less
    Schematic diagram of water-assisted femtosecond laser layered-ring trepanning system. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of water-assisted femtosecond laser layered-ring trepanning system. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Physical diagram of experimental device
    Fig. 2. Physical diagram of experimental device
    The morphology of the hole entrance/exit at different pulse repetition frequencies. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Fig. 3. The morphology of the hole entrance/exit at different pulse repetition frequencies. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on hole diameter. (a) Hole entrance; (b) Hole exit
    Fig. 4. Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on hole diameter. (a) Hole entrance; (b) Hole exit
    Hole sidewall morphology at different pulse repetition rates. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Fig. 5. Hole sidewall morphology at different pulse repetition rates. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on hole taper angle
    Fig. 6. Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on hole taper angle
    CLSM 3D morphology for different inwall locations of the hole at laser pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Fig. 7. CLSM 3D morphology for different inwall locations of the hole at laser pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    SEM observation for hole sections at laser pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Fig. 8. SEM observation for hole sections at laser pulse repetition rate of 300 kHz. (a) In air; (b) Water-based; (c) Water film
    Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on the hole sidewall roughness. (a) Hole entrance; (b) Hole middle; (c) Hole exit
    Fig. 9. Effect of laser pulse repetition rate on the hole sidewall roughness. (a) Hole entrance; (b) Hole middle; (c) Hole exit
    CompositionCrNiCoWMoAlTiV
    Mass fraction9%-12%Allowance14%-15.5%5%-6.5%5%-7%3.9%-4.8%2.2%-2.9%0.25%-0.8%
    CompositionCFeBCeMgMnSiP
    Mass fraction≤0.08%≤3%≤0.02%≤0.02%≤0.01%≤0.5%≤0.35%≤0.015%
    CompositionSCuPbAsSnSbBi
    Mass fraction≤0.009%≤0.07%≤0.001%≤0.002 5%≤0.001 2%≤0.002 5%≤0.000 1%
    Table 1. Chemical composition of nickel-based superalloy GH4220
    Laser pulse duration/ fs Laser spot diameter/μm Pulse repetition rate/kHz Scanning speed/mm·s−1Singer laser pulse energy/μJ Feed distance/ mm Feed rate/ μm·layer−1
    2763050-3005080120
    Table 2. Specific parameters used in the experiment
    Pulse repetition rate/kHz50100150200250300
    Hole entranceWater-based4.67%8.05%10.93%12.73%12.59%9.29%
    Water film6.91%9.19%12.59%9.18%8.20%3.27%
    Hole exitWater-based37.07%42.86%34.02%43.82%47.29%50.38%
    Water film30.64%30.36%29.99%30.49%29.21%22.62%
    Hole taper angleWater-based−14.15%−18.04%−9.93%−10.45%−11.34%−15.29%
    Water film−6.40%−7.07%−3.24%−6.19%−5.84%−7.96%
    Table 3. Improvement of hole diameter and taper under different pulse repetition rates using two water-assisted methods compared with air conditions
    Pulse repetition rate/kHz50100150200250300
    Hole entranceWater-based−33.95%−51.26%−54.17%−55.39%−54.44%−65.56%
    Water film−9.88%−21.85%−33.07%−32.08%−41.78%−53.89%
    Hole middleWater-based−38.64%−49.49%−45.82%−63.47%−74.49%−80.49%
    Water film−12.09%−28.17%−19.41%−45.10%−57.61%−56.84%
    Hole exitWater-based−39.95%−43.29%−46.53%−61.68%−72.62%−85.43%
    Water film−20.10%−26.84%−31.71%−35.95%−40.65%−22.10%
    Table 4. Improvement of hole sidewall roughness under different pulse repetition rates using two water-assisted methods compared with air conditions
    Naifei Ren, Huayu Yang, Kaibo Xia. Influence of different water-assisted methods on femtosecond laser layered-ring trepanning in superalloy[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2022, 51(12): 20220143
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