• Journal of Geographical Sciences
  • Vol. 30, Issue 3, 487 (2020)
Chengming ZHANG1、3, Shixiu WENG1、3, and Jigang BAO2、3、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1. School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • 2. School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • 3. Center for Tourism Planning & Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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    DOI: 10.1007/s11442-020-1739-2 Cite this Article
    Chengming ZHANG, Shixiu WENG, Jigang BAO. The changes in the geographical patterns of China’s tourism in 1978-2018: Characteristics and underlying factors[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(3): 487 Copy Citation Text show less
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    Fig. 10. Figure 10
    FactorsVariablesDomestic touristsInbound tourists
    Economic levelGDP0.996**0.809**
    Consumption levelPer capita GDP0.995**0.815**
    Total retail sales of social commodities0.998**0.769**
    Industrial developmentThird industry proportion0.922**0.880**
    Third industry output value0.998**0.775**
    Investment statusInvestment in fixed assets0.996**0.738**
    Traffic conditionsRailway mileage0.991**0.810**
    Road mileage0.909**0.928**
    Civil aviation domestic routes0.985**0.752**
    Civil aviation international routes0.967*0.783**
    Civilian passenger vehicle0.994**0.722**
    Accommodation servicesNumber of rooms in star hotels0.754**0.984**
    Intermediary servicesTravel agency scale0.918**0.959**
    Degree of opennessUse of foreign capital0.515**0.817**
    Import and export volume0.938**0.903**
    Table 1.

    Correlation analysis of factors influencing tourism at national scale in China

    FactorsVariablesDomestic touristsInbound tourists
    Tourist attractionsScenic spots0.621**0.573**
    High-grade scenic spots0.721**0.201
    Economic levelProvincial GDP0.693**0.594**
    Consumption levelPer capita GDP0.0800.232
    Industrial developmentTertiary industry income0.627**0.637**
    Investment statusInvestment in fixed assets0.832**0.263
    Accommodation servicesNumber of accommodations0.650**0.730**
    Number of restaurants0.676**0.635**
    Intermediary servicesTotal number of travel agents0.637**0.461**
    Traffic conditionsNumber of private cars0.707**0.507**
    Railway passenger volume0.650**0.645**
    Highway passenger volume0.638**0.321
    Civil aviation passenger volume0.1360.808**
    Degree of opennessUse of foreign capital0.516**0.529**
    Import and export volume0.2790.871**
    Table 2.

    Correlation analysis of factors influencing tourism at provincial-scale in China

    ProvinceIT/millionProvinceTFE/$billionProvinceDT/millionProvinceDTI/¥billion
    Guangdong36.48Guangdong19.65Shandong763.74Jiangsu1130.75
    Shanghai8.73Zhejiang8.28Jiangsu742.87Guangdong1066.70
    Fujian6.92Fujian7.59Guizhou740.00Sichuan882.54
    Yunnan6.68Shanghai6.81Sichuan670.00Zhejiang871.72
    Zhejiang5.89Beijing5.12Henan662.04Shandong842.07
    Table 3.

    Top 5 provinces of IT, TFE, DT and DTI in 2017 in China

    Inbound touristsTourism foreign exchangeDomestic touristsDomestic tourism income
    ProvinceGrowth ratioProvinceGrowth ratioProvinceGrowth ratioProvinceGrowth ratio
    Tianjin600%Ningxia1396%Xizang1060%Xizang1697%
    Tibet405%Xinjiang676%Gansu863%Jiangxi1088%
    Sichuan381%Sichuan574%Guizhou808%Gansu1057%
    Hunan354%Xizang536%Jiangxi614%Hebei1037%
    Ningxia353%Anhui431%Anhui530%Yunnan1024%
    Table 4.

    Top 5 provinces of growth ratio of IT, TFE, DT and DTI from 2008 to 2017 in China

    Chengming ZHANG, Shixiu WENG, Jigang BAO. The changes in the geographical patterns of China’s tourism in 1978-2018: Characteristics and underlying factors[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2020, 30(3): 487
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