Plenoptic camera is a new type of wavefront sensor with large dynamic range and large field of view. However, the linearity of the plenoptic camera and the accuracy of wavefront sensing are low because of the phenomenon of signal saturation,which can be improved by dynamic modulation. The principle and characteristics of plenoptic camera wavefront sensing are analyzed via numerical simulation. The wavefront closed-loop correction effect in dynamic modulation of plenoptic camera is simulated by MATLAB software, and the simulation results of dynamic modulation with plenoptic camera and without plenoptic camera are compared. Simulation results show that, under the dynamic modulation of plenoptic camera, the measurement accuracy is high, the correction effect is good, the strehl ratio of the corrected far-field spot is higher than 0.8, and the performance of the wavefront sensor is better than that of the plenoptic camera without dynamic modulation.