Author Affiliations
1School of Electrical & Information Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;2School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Structural sketch of LED collimating lens
Fig. 2. Divergence characteristic of outgoing beams in collimating illumination system with extended source
Fig. 3. Principal plane position of a plane-convex lens in collimating illumination system with extended source
Fig. 4. Divergence of the outgoing beam in the propagation process
Fig. 5. Collimation of point source by a flat-convex lens
Fig. 6. Two-dimensional (left) and one-dimensional (right) illumination distributions of the outgoing beam on the detection plane at different distances. (a) z=200 mm; (b) z=10 m; (c) z=1 km
Fig. 7. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the source size
Fig. 8. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the focal length of collimating lens
Fig. 9. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the aperture of collimating lens
Fig. 10. Photos of collimation lens (left) and LED with XHP50.2-type, XD16-type (right)
Fig. 11. Searchlight and its illumination spot. (a) Searchlight in lighting; (b) propagation of the outgoing beam; (c) illumination spot of the searchlight with XHP50.2-type LED at a 50 m distance
Sourcediameterd /mm | IlluminableradiusR /m | Divergence angle θ0/(°) | Relativeerror /% |
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Simulationvalue | Theoreticalvalue |
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0.1 | 0.472 | 0.0270 | 0.0273 | -1.10 | 1 | 4.87 | 0.279 | 0.273 | 2.20 | 3 | 14.8 | 0.848 | 0.820 | 3.41 | 5 | 24.8 | 1.42 | 1.37 | 3.65 | 7 | 34.6 | 1.96 | 1.91 | 2.62 |
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Table 1. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the source size
Distance of lensand source a /mm | Lens thicknessb /mm | Focal lengthf /mm | Illuminableradius R /m | Divergence angle θ0/(°) | Relative error /% |
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Simulation value | Theoretical value |
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282 | 12.0 | 290 | 8.38 | 0.480 | 0.494 | -2.83 | 246 | 13.5 | 255 | 9.60 | 0.550 | 0.560 | -1.78 | 186 | 16.5 | 197 | 12.5 | 0.720 | 0.730 | -1.37 | 136 | 21.0 | 150 | 16.8 | 0.962 | 0.954 | 0.880 | 84.0 | 31.5 | 105 | 24.8 | 1.42 | 1.37 | 3.65 | 58.0 | 40.0 | 84.8 | 31.5 | 1.80 | 1.69 | 6.51 | 41.0 | 51.0 | 75.2 | 36.8 | 2.11 | 1.91 | 10.50 | 28.0 | 62.0 | 69.5 | 41.1 | 2.35 | 2.06 | 14.10 |
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Table 2. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the focal length of collimating lens
Lens aperture2r /mm | Illuminable radiusR /m | Divergence angle θ0 /(°) | Relative error /% |
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Simulation value | Theoretical value |
---|
50.0 | 15.6 | 0.894 | 0.910 | -1.76 | 75.0 | 15.9 | 0.911 | 0.910 | 0.109 | 100 | 16.1 | 0.922 | 0.910 | 1.32 | 125 | 16.2 | 0.928 | 0.910 | 1.98 | 150 | 16.4 | 0.940 | 0.910 | 3.30 |
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Table 3. Relationship between the divergence angle of the outgoing beam and the aperture of collimating lens