A method using in a phase-shifting Φ600 Fizeau interferometer is proposed to suppress phase errors from inaccurate wavelength increment and vibration. The data of four interferograms are reconstructed by column and combined to a single spatial-temporal fringes (STF) image. In the spectrum of the STF, the phase lobe and error lobe are separated by introducing linear carrier into original interferograms. The component related to phase distribution can be selected by filtering and the phase can be reconstructed accurately. Considering vibration and inaccurate wavelength increment, the simulation result indicates that the accuracy using this method is 10 times of that using traditional phase shifting-algorithm. Its validation is verified by experiments, where an accuracy of 0.0066λ is obtained. This method can be used to realize suppression of phase errors from inaccurate wavelength increment and vibration in a Φ600 Fizeau interferometer.