An identification method of terahertz (THz) spectra of biomolecules is proposed based on principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy pattern recognition, and THz spectra of several typical saccharide and amino acid biomolecules are used to verify its effectiveness and feasibility. PCA is used to decrease the dimensionality of original THz spectra variables and extract data features. Instead of the initial THz spectra variables, the selected principal component score matrix is input into the model of fuzzy pattern recognition, and fuzzy recognition based on principle of fuzzy closeness optimization is employed successfully to identify these samples. Results show that using THz spectroscopy of biological molecules as data feature, it is feasible to realize the detection and identification of biological molecules by the combination of PCA and fuzzy recognition. It provides a new and effective analytical method for the identification and recognition of biomolecules by using THz spectroscopy.