Identification of X-Ray Fluorescent Spectral Paper Ashes Based on Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Li Chunyu; Liu Jinkun; Jiang Hong; Xu Lele; Man Ji

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.0330006

Journals >Laser & Optoelectronics Progress >Volume 58 >Issue 3 >Page 3300061 > Article

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
Vol. 58, Issue 3, 3300061 (2021)

Identification of X-Ray Fluorescent Spectral Paper Ashes Based on Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Li Chunyu¹, Liu Jinkun¹, Jiang Hong^1、*, Xu Lele¹, and Man Ji²

Author Affiliations

¹School of Forensic Science, People''s Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China

²Beijing Huayi Hongsheng Technology Co. Ltd., Beijing 100123, China

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DOI: 10.3788/LOP202158.0330006 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Li Chunyu, Liu Jinkun, Jiang Hong, Xu Lele, Man Ji. Identification of X-Ray Fluorescent Spectral Paper Ashes Based on Support Vector Machine Algorithm[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(3): 3300061 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. SVM system structure

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Fig. 2. SVM training model

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Fig. 3. SVM learning results for training set（accuracy is 98.8235%）

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Fig. 4. SVM prediction results for test set(accuracy is 100%)

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Label	Material	Description
1	Work paper	Yu Rongfeng’s Notebook
2	Work paper	M&G scrap book
3	Work paper	PPSUC’s scrap book
4	Work paper	PPSUC’s note book
5	Wrap paper	BASTO shoes box
6	Wrap paper	Guirenniao shoes box
7	Rice paper	Copybook depict paper
8	Copybook paper	Copybook paper
9	Postcard paper	PPSUC postcard
10	Postcard paper	Envelope
11	Ivory board paper	Lianhua Qingwen wrap box
12	Ivory board paper	SITILON mask box
13	Chip board paper	Franzzi wrap box
14	Chip board paper	CROWN bread box
15	Ivory board paper	BASTO shoes box
16	Thin plastic paper	ViTa tea box
17	Ivory board paper	DHC box
18	Ivory board paper	MAC box
19	Ivory board paper	Sock box
20	Ivory board paper	Auberge box
21	Pictorial paper	PPSUC keepsake box
22	Pictorial paper	Alipay advertising brochure
23	Pictorial paper	Holiland advertising brochure
24	Instructions paper	Auberge instructions
25	Invoice paper	PPSUC invoice
26	Double side paper	Fruit knife wrap box
27	Name card paper	Cartoon card
28	Express bill paper	ZTO express bill
29	Oil surface sticker paper	White oil surface sticker paper
30	Oil surface sticker paper	Yellow oil surface sticker paper

Table 1. Paper sample

Chemical composition	Function	Feature element
CaCO₃	To increase impermeability and gloss of paper	Ca
ZnSO₄	Whitening agent	Zn
ClO₂	Bleach	Cl
HBr	Fungicides and inhibitors	Br
TiO₂	Whitening agent	Ti
Pb	Printing ink	Pb
FeSO₄	Compound salt and plant absorption	Fe
Na₂SnO₂	Preservatives and fuel-assisted agents	Sn
CuSO₄	Better flocculation and de-impurity	Cu
NiO	Catalyst	Ni
CoO₃	Catalysts and dyes	Co

Table 2. Feature elements of chemical composition in paper

Proportion	Misjudged sample number	Accuracy /%
5∶4	16	82.20
6∶3	13	85.50
7∶2	6	92.20
8∶1	2	97.70
17∶1	0	100.00

Table 3. Proportion validation table of data in training set to data in test set

Sample	Zn	Br	Cl	Ca	Ti	Fe	Pb	Sn	Co	Cu	Ni
1#	15183	0	416	260	91	224	42	54	11	0	17
20#	13647	0	354	256	94	190	39	43	16	0	16

Table 4. Sample element indicator mean table

Proportion	Accuracy after adding mean/%	Accuracy for original test set /%
7∶2	85	92.20
8∶1	90	97.70
17∶1	100	100.00

Table 5. Accuracy comparison between original test set and new test set after adding mean value

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