A novel aspherical zoom curved compound eye structure was proposed. The curved substrate was segmented into three same sector areas, and the microlens array of every area could image the target object which had a certain distance to the compound eye. So the focal length can be controlled within certain scope. The focal length and the size of microlens were calculated by the area and the position, and the spherical surface of microlens were all optimized into aspheric surface. Finally, from the ray tracing simulated result of the new curved compound eye, the spherical aberration of microlens is decreased to about one percent compared with the initial model, the compound eye can realize focal length regulation and the problem of spherical aberration at the edge can solve effectively. So the performance of imaging is greatly improved.