In this work, cadmium nitrate hexahydrate ［Cd(NO3)2·6H2O］ is as a source of cadmium, zinc nitrate ［Zn(NO3)2］ as a source of zinc source, and NaHSe as a source of selenium which was prepared through reducing the elemental selenium with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Then water-soluble Cd1-xZnxSe ternary quantum dots with different component were prepared by colloid chemistry. The as-prepared Cd1-xZnxSe ternary quantum dots exhibit stable fluorescent property in aqueous solution, and can still maintain good dispersivity at room temperature for four months. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) were used to analyze crystal structure and morphology of the prepared Cd1-xZnxSe. It is found that the as-prepared ternary quantum dots are cubic phase, show as sphere, and the average of particle size is approximate 4 nm. The spectral properties and energy band structure of the as-prepared ternary quantum dots were modulated through changing the atom ratio of elements Zn and Cd. Compared with binary quantum dots CdSe and ZnSe, the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) absorption spectrum and fluorescence (FL) emission spectrum of ternary quantum dots are both red-shift. The composites (Cd0.5Zn0.5Se@TNTs) of Cd0.5Zn0.5Se ternary quantum dots and TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared by directly immerging TNTs into quantum dots dispersive solution for 5 hours. TEM image shows that the Cd0.5Zn0.5Se ternary quantum dots were closely combined to nanotube surface. The infrared spectra show that the Ti-Se bond was formed between Cd0.5Zn0.5Se ternary quantum dots and TiO2 nanotubes, which improve the stability of the composite. Compared to pristine TNTs, UV-Visible absorption spectrum of the composites is significantly enhanced in the visible region of light. And the absorption band edge of Cd0.5Zn0.5Se@TNTs red-shift from 400 to 700 nm. The recombination of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs was restrained with the as-prepared ternary quantum dots. Therefore, the visible-light photocatalytic efficiency was greatly improved. After visible-light irradiation for 60 min, the degradation of Cd0.5Zn0.5Se@TNTs photocatalysts for RhB is nearly 100%, which is about 3.3 times of that of pristine TNTs and 2.5 times of that of pure Cd0.5Zn0.5Se ternary quantum dots, respectively.