• International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
  • Vol. 6, Issue 2, 25103 (2024)
Chen Li1,2, Yuxiu Hu1, Zongze Wei1, Chongjun Wu3..., Yunfeng Peng4, Feihu Zhang1 and Yanquan Geng1,2,*|Show fewer author(s)
Author Affiliations
  • 1State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System (HIT), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001,People’s Republic of China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing (HIT), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People’s Republic of China
  • 3College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
  • 4Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/ad207f Cite this Article
    Chen Li, Yuxiu Hu, Zongze Wei, Chongjun Wu, Yunfeng Peng, Feihu Zhang, Yanquan Geng. Damage evolution and removal behaviors of GaN crystals involved in double-grits grinding[J]. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 2024, 6(2): 25103 Copy Citation Text show less
    References

    [1] Goldberger J, He R R, Zhang Y F, Lee S, Yan H Q, Choi H J and Yang P D 2003 Single-crystal gallium nitride nanotubes Nature 422 599–602

    [2] Wheeler J M, Niederberger C, Tessarek C, Christiansen S and Michler J 2013 Extraction of plasticity parameters of GaN with high temperature, in situ micro-compression Int. J.Plast. 40 140–51

    [3] Ganchenkova M G and Nieminen R M 2006 Nitrogen vacancies as major point defects in gallium nitride Phys.Rev. Lett. 96 196402

    [4] Li C, Li X L, Wu Y Q, Zhang F H and Huang H 2019 Deformation mechanism and force modelling of the grinding of YAG single crystals Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf.143 23–37

    [5] Yan J W, Lu J B, Huang Y L, Pan J S and Yan Q S 2022 Fenton reaction chemical mechanical polishing liquid composition optimization of polishing GaN wafer Diam.Abrasives Eng. 42 610–6

    [6] Li C, Wu Y Q, Li X L, Ma L J, Zhang F H and Huang H 2020 Deformation characteristics and surface generation modelling of crack-free grinding of GGG single crystals J.Mater. Process. Technol. 279 116577

    [7] Kubota A and Iwakiri A 2019 Tribochemical polishing of bulk gallium nitride substrate Precis. Eng. 56 69–79

    [8] Pan J S, Wu Y S, Zhuo Z J, Wang H, Zheng Q B and Yan Q S 2023 Experimental study of single-crystal GaN wafer electro-Fenton magnetorheological complex friction wear Tribol. Int. 180 108260

    [9] Pan J S, Zhuo Z J, Zhang Q X, Zheng Q B and Yan Q S 2022 Friction and wear mechanisms for single crystal GaN based on an electro-Fenton enhanced chemical reaction Wear 498–499 204315

    [10] Shi D, Zhou W and Zhao T C 2023 Polishing of diamond, SiC,GaN based on the oxidation modification of hydroxyl radical: status, challenges and strategies Mater. Sci.Semicond. Process. 166 107737

    [11] Zhang L F, Wu B, Zhang Y and Deng H 2023 Highly efficient and atomic scale polishing of GaN via plasmabased atom-selective etching Appl. Surf. Sci.620 156786

    [12] Zhang L F, Lu D and Deng H 2022 Study on material removal mechanisms in electrochemical etching-enhanced polishing of GaN J. Manuf. Process. 73 903–13

    [13] Aida H, Takeda H, Kim S W, Aota N, Koyama K, Yamazaki T and Doi T 2014 Evaluation of subsurface damage in GaN substrate induced by mechanical polishing with diamond abrasives Appl. Surf. Sci. 292 531–6

    [14] Gong H, Pan G S, Zhou Y, Shi X L, Zou C L and Zhang S M 2015 Investigation on the surface characterization of Ga-faced GaN after chemical-mechanical polishing Appl.Surf. Sci. 338 85–91

    [15] Yu X, Zhang B G, Wang R, Kao Z, Yang S H and Wei W 2021 Effect of photocatalysts on electrochemical properties and chemical mechanical polishing rate of GaN Mater. Sci.Semicond. Process. 121 105387

    [16] Zhang L F and Deng H 2020 Highly efficient and damage-free polishing of GaN (0 0 0 1) by electrochemical etching-enhanced CMP process Appl. Surf. Sci. 514 145957

    [17] Huang H, Li X L, Mu D K and Lawn B R 2021 Science and art of ductile grinding of brittle solids Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 161 103675

    [18] Zheng Z D, Huang K, Lin C T, Zhang J G, Wang K, Sun P and Xu J F 2022 An analytical force and energy model for ductile-brittle transition in ultra-precision grinding of brittle materials Int. J. Mech. Sci. 220 107107

    [19] Li C, Li X L, Huang S Q, Li L Q and Zhang F H 2021 Ultra-precision grinding of Gd3Ga5O12 crystals with graphene oxide coolant: material deformation mechanism and performance evaluation J. Manuf. Process. 61 417–27

    [20] Piao Y C, Li C, Hu Y X, Cui H L, Luo X C, Geng Y Q and Zhang F H 2024 Nanoindentation induced anisotropy of deformation and damage behaviors of MgF2 crystals J.Mater. Res. Technol. 28 4615–25

    [21] Zhang Y, Wu T, Li C, Wang Y F, Geng Y Q and Dong G J 2022 Numerical simulations of grinding force and surface morphology during precision grinding of leucite glass ceramics Int. J. Mech. Sci. 231 107562

    [22] Huang W H and Yan J W 2023 Effect of tool geometry on ultraprecision machining of soft-brittle materials: a comprehensive review Int. J. Extrem Manuf. 5 012003

    [23] Shamray S, Azarhoushang B, Paknejad M and Buechler A 2022 Ductile-brittle transition mechanisms in micro-grinding of silicon nitride Ceram. Int. 48 34987–98

    [24] Yang M J, Liu C, Guo B J, Liu K, Tu R, Ohmori H and Zhang S 2023 Understanding of highly-oriented 3C-SiC ductile-brittle transition mechanism in ELID ultra-precision grinding Mater. Charact. 203 113136

    [25] Wang S, Sun G Y, Zhao Q L and Yang X D 2023 Monitoring of ductile–brittle transition mechanisms in sapphire ultra-precision grinding used small grit size grinding wheel through force and acoustic emission signals Measurement210 112557

    [26] Li C, Zhang F H, Meng B B, Rao X S and Zhou Y 2017 Research of material removal and deformation mechanism for single crystal GGG (Gd3Ga5O12) based on varied-depth nanoscratch testing Mater Des 125 180–8

    [27] Li C, Piao Y C, Zhang F H, Zhang Y, Hu Y X and Wang Y F 2023 Understand anisotropy dependence of damage evolution and material removal during nanoscratch of MgF2 single crystals Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 5 015101

    [28] Zhang Z Q, Shi K N, Huang X C, Shi Y Y, Zhao T, He Z and Song Y H 2022 Development of a probabilistic algorithm of surface residual materials on Si3N4 ceramics under longitudinal torsional ultrasonic grinding Ceram. Int.48 12028–37

    [29] Qu S S, Yao P, Gong Y D, Chu D K, Yang Y Y, Li C W,Wang Z L, Zhang X P and Hou Y 2022 Environmentally friendly grinding of C/SiCs using carbon nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication technology J. Clean. Prod.366 132898

    [30] Tao H F, Liu Y H, Zhao D W and Lu X C 2023 Ductile deformation and subsurface damage evolution mechanism of silicon wafer induced by ultra-precision grinding process Tribol. Int. 189 108879

    [31] Li M, Guo X G, Dai S Y, Yuan S, Ma J L, Liu F M, Zhang L M, Guo D M and Zhou P 2022 Effect of grinding damage on cutting force and ductile machining during single grain scratching of monocrystalline silicon Mater.Sci. Semicond. Process. 151 107019

    [32] Wang Y Q, Li X L, Wu Y Q, Mu D K and Huang H 2021 The removal mechanism and force modelling of gallium oxide single crystal in single grit grinding and nanoscratching Int.J. Mech. Sci. 204 106562

    [33] Li C, Piao Y, Meng B B, Zhang Y, Li L Q and Zhang F H 2022 Anisotropy dependence of material removal and deformation mechanisms during nanoscratch of gallium nitride single crystals on (0001) plane Appl. Surf. Sci.578 152028

    [34] Li C, Piao Y, Meng B B, Hu Y X, Li L Q and Zhang F H 2022 Phase transition and plastic deformation mechanisms induced by self-rotating grinding of GaN single crystals Int.J. Mach. Tools Manuf. 172 103827

    [35] Tan S P, Wang Y P, Huang H, Wu Y Q and Huang H 2022 Deformation and removal mechanism of single crystal gallium nitride in nanoscratching Ceram. Int. 48 23793–9

    [36] Guo M X, Tao J B, Wu C J, Luo C and Lin Z J 2023 High-speed grinding fracture mechanism of Cf/SiC composite considering interfacial strength and anisotropy Ceram. Int. 49 2600–12

    [37] Li C, Zhang F H, Meng B B, Liu L F and Rao X S 2017 Material removal mechanism and grinding force modelling of ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding for SiC ceramics Ceram. Int. 43 2981–93

    [38] Lou Z Z, Yan Y D, Wang J Q, Zhang A X, Cui H L, Li C and Geng Y Q 2024 Exploring the structural color of micro-nano composite gratings with FDTD simulation and experimental validation Opt. Express 32 2432–51

    [39] Li C, Hu Y X, Huang S Q, Meng B B, Piao Y and Zhang F H 2022 Theoretical model of warping deformation during self-rotating grinding of YAG wafers Ceram. Int.48 4637–48

    [40] Huang S Q, Gao S, Huang C Z and Huang H 2022 Nanoscale removal mechanisms in abrasive machining of brittle solids Diam. Abrasives Eng. 42 257–67

    [41] Li C, Zhang F H, Wang X and Rao X S 2018 Repeated nanoscratch and double nanoscratch tests of Lu2O3 transparent ceramics: material removal and deformation mechanism, and theoretical model of penetration depth J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 38 705–18

    [42] Meng B B, Yuan D D and Xu S L 2019 Coupling effect on the removal mechanism and surface/subsurface characteristics of SiC during grinding process at the nanoscale Ceram. Int.45 2483–91

    [43] Guo X G, Li Q, Liu T, Zhai C H, Kang R K and Jin Z J 2016 Molecular dynamics study on the thickness of damage layer in multiple grinding of monocrystalline silicon Mater. Sci.Semicond. Process. 51 15–19

    [44] Zhou P, Zhu N N, Xu C Y, Niu F L, Li J and Zhu Y W 2021 Mechanical removal of SiC by multi-abrasive particles in fixed abrasive polishing using molecular dynamics simulation Comput. Mater. Sci 191 110311

    [45] Zhao P Y, Zhao B, Pan J S and Wu J W 2022 Superimpose mechanism of surface generation process in grinding of monocrystalline silicon using molecular dynamics simulation Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 147 106684

    [46] Hu Z W, Chen Y, Lai Z Y, Yu Y Q, Xu X P, Peng Q and Zhang L 2022 Coupling of double grains enforces the grinding process in vibration-assisted scratch: insights from molecular dynamics J. Mater. Process. Technol. 304 117551

    [47] Karkalos N E and Markopoulos A P 2020 Molecular dynamics study of the effect of abrasive grains orientation and spacing during nanogrinding Micromachines 11 712

    [48] Dai H F, Yue H X, Hu Y and Li P 2021 The removal mechanism of monocrystalline Si in the process of double diamond abrasive polishing by molecular dynamics simulation Tribol. Lett. 69 66

    [49] Li C, Hu Y X, Zhang F H, Geng Y Q and Meng B B 2023 Molecular dynamics simulation of laser assisted grinding of GaN crystals Int. J. Mech. Sci. 239 107856

    [50] Dai H F, Hu Y, Wu W L, Yue H X, Meng X S, Li P and Duan H G 2021 Molecular dynamics simulation of ultra-precision machining 3C-SiC assisted by ion implantation J. Manuf. Process. 69 398–411

    [51] Wang J Q, Yan Y D, Li C and Geng Y Q 2023 Material removal mechanism and subsurface characteristics of silicon 3D nanomilling Int. J. Mech. Sci. 242 108020

    [52] Gao S, Wang H X, Huang H and Kang R K 2023 Molecular simulation of the plastic deformation and crack formation in single grit grinding of 4H-SiC single crystal Int. J. Mech. Sci. 247 108147

    [53] Chen M H and Dai H F 2022 Molecular dynamics study on grinding mechanism of polycrystalline silicon carbide Diam. Relat. Mater. 130 109541

    [54] Huang Y H, Zhou Y Q, Li J M and Zhu F L 2023 Understanding of the effect of wear particles removal from the surface on grinding silicon carbide by molecular dynamics simulations Diam. Relat. Mater. 137 110150

    [55] Wu Y L, Tan J, Li X M, Qiu Z J and Zhang R Z 2023 Molecular dynamics study on friction of high-entropy alloy FeNiCrCoCu Mater. Today Commun. 37 107107

    [56] Huang Y H, Wang M C, Xu Y X and Zhu F L 2020 Investigation on gallium nitride with N-vacancy defect nano-grinding by molecular dynamics J. Manuf. Process. 57 153–62

    [57] Zhang C Y, Dong Z G, Yuan S, Guo X G, Kang R K and Guo D M 2021 Study on subsurface damage mechanism of gallium nitride in nano-grinding Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 128 105760

    [58] Li L and Ge P Q 2021 Analysis of SPH and FEM coupling simulation of abrasive grain scratching single crystal SiC Surf. Technol. 50 44–53

    [59] Jiang Q Q, Zhang L and Yang C F 2021 An analytical model for estimation of the stress field and cracks caused by scratching anisotropic single crystal gallium nitride Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process. 122 105446

    [60] Luo X C, Goel S and Reuben R L 2012 A quantitative assessment of nanometric machinability of major polytypes of single crystal silicon carbide J. Eur. Ceram. Soc.32 3423–34

    [61] Goel S, Luo X C and Reuben R L 2012 Shear instability of nanocrystalline silicon carbide during nanometric cutting Appl. Phys. Lett. 100 231902

    [62] Nord J, Albe K, Erhart P and Nordlund K 2003 Modelling of compound semiconductors: analytical bond-order potential for gallium, nitrogen and gallium nitride J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15 5649–62

    [63] Los J H and Fasolino A 2003 Intrinsic long-range bond-order potential for carbon: performance in Monte Carlo simulations of graphitization Phys. Rev. B 68 024107

    [64] Hou X, Li J Y, Li Y Z and Tian Y 2022 Intermolecular and surface forces in atomic-scale manufacturing Int. J. Extrem.Manuf. 4 022002

    [65] Wu L, Yu B, Zhang P, Feng C, Chen P, Deng L, Gao J, Chen S,Jiang S and Qian L 2020 Rapid identification of ultrathin amorphous damage on monocrystalline silicon surface Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22 12987–95

    [66] Zhang Y F, Zhu S L, Zhao Y Y and Yin Y H 2022 A material point method based investigation on crack classification and transformation induced by grit geometry during scratching silicon carbide Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf.177 103884

    [67] Jiang Q Q, Zhang L and Yang C F 2022 Analysis of crack initiation load and stress field in double scratching of single crystal gallium nitride Eng. Fract. Mech.274 108732

    [68] Zhao L, Zhang J G, Zhang J J, Hartmaier A and Sun T 2022 Formation of high density stacking faults in polycrystalline 3C-SiC by vibration-assisted diamond cutting J. Eur.Ceram. Soc. 42 5448–57

    [69] Zhang Y C, Song R B, Wang Y J, Cai C H, Wang H B and Wang K K 2023 The excellent strength and ductility matching of directly warm-rolled V-alloyed medium manganese steel by stacking fault networks Mater. Des.227 111719

    [70] Meng B B and Li C 2023 Effect of anisotropy on deformation and crack formation under the brittle removal of 6H-SiC during SPDT process J. Adv. Res. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2023.04.004)

    [71] Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li C, Piao Y, Hou N and Hu K N 2022 Characterization of surface and subsurface defects induced by abrasive machining of optical crystals using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics J. Adv.Res. 36 51–61

    [72] Qiang B Y, Shi K N, Liu N, Ren J X and Shi Y Y 2023 Integrating physics-informed recurrent Gaussian process regression into instance transfer for predicting tool wear in milling process J. Manuf. Syst. 68 42–55

    [73] Wang S, Dong H, Gu Y, Wang M and Wang J W 2022 Research on grinding quality and removal mechanism of polycrystalline diamond tools Diam. Abrasives Eng. 42 467–72

    [74] Kataoka R and Shamoto E 2019 Influence of vibration in cutting on tool flank wear: fundamental study by conducting a cutting experiment with forced vibration in the depth-of-cut direction Precis. Eng. 55 322–9

    [75] Pálmai Z 2013 Proposal for a new theoretical model of the cutting tool’s flank wear Wear 303 437–45

    Chen Li, Yuxiu Hu, Zongze Wei, Chongjun Wu, Yunfeng Peng, Feihu Zhang, Yanquan Geng. Damage evolution and removal behaviors of GaN crystals involved in double-grits grinding[J]. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 2024, 6(2): 25103
    Download Citation