Optofluidic variable aperture has important application potential in image acquisition, target tracking, biological recognition and other portable electronic devices. Comparing with the mechanical aperture, the aperture is almost perfectly adjustable circle, and it has some advantages such as easy to process, compact structure, convenient driving and low power consumption, etc. So it has become one of the hot spots in the field of micro-nano optical research at present. This paper summarizes the development status of the existing optofluidic variable aperture technology at home and abroad, and looks forward to the future development direction of optofluidic variable aperture by summarizing the previous research methods.