• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 6, Issue 5, A38 (2018)
Ziyao Feng, Jingwen Ma, Zejie Yu, and Xiankai Sun*
Author Affiliations
  • Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.6.000A38 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Ziyao Feng, Jingwen Ma, Zejie Yu, Xiankai Sun. Circular Bragg lasers with radial PT symmetry: Design and analysis with a coupled-mode approach[J]. Photonics Research, 2018, 6(5): A38 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Parity–time (PT) symmetry has been demonstrated in the frame of classic optics. Its applications in laser science have resulted in unconventional control and manipulation of resonant modes. PT-symmetric periodic circular Bragg lasers were previously proposed. Analyses with a transfer-matrix method have shown their superior properties of reduced threshold and enhanced modal discrimination between the radial modes. However, the properties of the azimuthal modes were not analyzed, which restricts further development of circular Bragg lasers. Here, we adopt the coupled-mode theory to design and analyze chirped circular Bragg lasers with radial PT symmetry. The new structures possess more versatile modal control with further enhanced modal discrimination between the azimuthal modes. We also analyze azimuthally modulated circular Bragg lasers with radial PT symmetry, which are shown to achieve even higher modal discrimination.
    [r22r2+rr+2φ2+r2ϵ(r,φ)k02]Ez=0.(1)

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    dAldr(2iHl(1))dBldr(2iHl(2))+k0Δϵnav(AlHl(1)+BlHl(2))=0,(2)

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    {Δϵr(r)=Δϵrcos[2phase(Hl(1)(kder))+θ1]Δϵi(r)=Δϵicos[2phase(Hl(1)(kder))+θ2],(3)

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    {dAldr=iΔϵrexp(iθ1)+iΔϵiexp(iθ2)4navk0Bl(r)exp(2iδr)dBldr=iΔϵrexp(iθ1)+iΔϵiexp(iθ2)4navk0Al(r)exp(2iδr).(4)

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    {dRldr=iδRl(r)+i(κexp(iθ1)+igexp(iθ2))Sl(r)dSldr=i(κexp(iθ1)+igexp(iθ2))Rl(r)iδSl(r).(5)

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    n=nav+Δnrsign{cos[2phase(H8(1)(kder))+θ1]}+iΔnisign{cos[2phase(H8(1)(kder))+θ2]},(6)

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    [A8(rw)B8(rw)]=[M11eiδ(rwr0)M12eiδ(rw+r0)M21eiδ(rw+r0)M22eiδ(rwr0)][A8(r0)B8(r0)](7)

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    {M11=cosh(iγL)+δsinh(iγL)/γM12=(ieiθ1κeiθ2g)sinh(iγL)/iγM21=(ieiθ1κ+eiθ2g)sinh(iγL)/iγM22=cosh(iγL)δsinh(iγL)/γ.(8)

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    n=navΔnrsign{sin[2phase(H8(1)(kder))]}Θ(φ)iΔnisign{cos[2phase(H8(1)(kder))]}Θ(φ)(9)

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    Ziyao Feng, Jingwen Ma, Zejie Yu, Xiankai Sun. Circular Bragg lasers with radial PT symmetry: Design and analysis with a coupled-mode approach[J]. Photonics Research, 2018, 6(5): A38
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