Fourier transformation profilometry (FTP) is a non-contract and high speed optical 3-D measurement method. Here, a short-time Fourier transform is introduced into FTP to extract zero component included in deformed fringe pattern only employing one frame deformed fringe pattern. In this method, a window function is used to scan through whole deformed fringe image from left-top to right-bottom to form many partial fringe patterns. For each partial fringe, its normalized Fourier spectrum is calculated, the zero components are extracted and superimposed to restore the zero component. Then the normalized Fourier spectra of original deformed fringe pattern is calculated. Finally the zero component is subtracted from Fourier spectra of deformed fringe pattern. Eliminating zero component can extend the measuring range of Fourier transform profilometry to nearly three times of that of the traditional FTP as π phase-shifting technique does. Experiment verifies that it is an efficient method to extend measuring range and keep measuring speed. Compared to π phase-shifting technique, only one frame deformed fringe pattern is needed to eliminate the zero component. The setup is simple because of no phase shifting device needed.