Fig. 1. (a) Jablonski diagram with SF process. Reproduced with permission^[10], Copyright 2017, Springer Nature. (b) Chemical structures for intermolecular SF materials. (c) Chemical structures for intramolecular SF materials.

Fig. 2. (a) The first OSC with SF and the energy diagram. Reproduced with permission^[41], Copyright 2011, American Chemical Society. (b) Chemical structures and the energy diagram for the solar cell with pentacene (Pc) and a P3HT exciton-confinement layer. Reproduced with permission^[37], Copyright 2013, AAAS. (c) Chemical structures and the energy diagram for the solar cell with tetracene (Tc). Reproduced with permission^[42], Copyright 2014, AIP. (d) Chemical structures for thienoquinoidal compounds (ThQs). (e) Chemical structures of MOBF and CNBF.