Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Though the pathogenesis of glaucoma is not yet fully understood, the high intraocular pressure (IOP) is the leading reason for the formation of glaucoma. But the resistance points of aqueous humour out flow in primary open angle glaucomatous eyes is still unknown. The research in animal and donor eyes demonstrated that the collapse of Schlemm′s canal (SC) at higher IOP might be a cause of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). We have established a tailored anterior segment swept source optical coherence tomography to measure SC morphometric values in living normal and POAG human eyes, and carried out a series of statistical comparison. This paper reviews the research progress and proposes the research prospects in future.