The phase measuring profilometry using a novel phase order self-encoding technique is presented, which is to use the differential of the wrapped phase as the encoded information to identify all periods of the grating. The length of the encoded sequence is the same as the number of periods. There is only one code value in one period, which can be identified by the information of the differential and phase jumps. For each period, the information of its several neighboring periods will form a subsequence, which is unique and can be used to find the order of each period. The absolute phase can be got after getting the order. To revise the phase errors at some phase-jump areas, Hilbert transform is employed. By embedding the encoded information in the wrapped phase, there is no extra grating needing projecting, and there is also no classical phase unwrapping process. It is promising in measuring the surface profile of the spatially isolated objects.