Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province

Xiaoqing RONG; Jiangli PANG; Chunchang HUANG; Yali ZHOU; Zhaoduo WANG; Yuzhu ZHANG; Yongqiang GUO; Hui ZHAO; Yuda CHUI

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.08.007

Journals >Progress in Geography >Volume 39 >Issue 8 >Page 1319 > Article

Progress in Geography
Vol. 39, Issue 8, 1319 (2020)

Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province

Xiaoqing RONG¹, Jiangli PANG^1、*, Chunchang HUANG¹, Yali ZHOU¹, Zhaoduo WANG¹, Yuzhu ZHANG², Yongqiang GUO³, Hui ZHAO¹, and Yuda CHUI¹

Author Affiliations

¹School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China

²College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China

³Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS, Chengdu 610041, China

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DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.08.007 Cite this Article

Xiaoqing RONG, Jiangli PANG, Chunchang HUANG, Yali ZHOU, Zhaoduo WANG, Yuzhu ZHANG, Yongqiang GUO, Hui ZHAO, Yuda CHUI. Prehistoric catastrophic surface processes and their impacts in the Guanting Basin, Qinghai Province[J]. Progress in Geography, 2020, 39(8): 1319 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. 黄河上游官亭盆地位置(a)和二方村辛店文化遗址研究地点位置(b) Fig.1

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Fig. 2. 黄河第二级阶地辛店文化遗址区域土壤土地景观(a)和二方村遗址土壤沉积物地层剖面(b) Fig.2

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Fig. 3. 官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面磁化率和粒度成分变化曲线Fig.3

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Fig. 4. 官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面粒度参数变化曲线Fig.4

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Fig. 5. 官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面关键层位粒度自然分布频率曲线Fig.5

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Fig. 6. 官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面化学元素含量变化曲线Fig.6

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地层	深度/cm	土壤学和沉积学特征描述
现代耕作土壤(MS)	0~50	浊棕色(7.5YR6/3),粉砂质地,团粒构造,疏松多孔,多蚯蚓孔和粪团,多植物根系
全新世晚期风成黄土(L₀)	50~100	浊橙色(7.5YR6/4),粗粉砂质地,团块构造,疏松多孔,少量蚯蚓孔和粪团,受到一定程度的成壤改造
全新世中期黑垆土上段(S_0上)	100~180	浊棕色(5YR5/3),粉砂质地,团粒构造,比较疏松,多蚯蚓孔和粪团,结构面有白色可溶盐类粉霜沉淀,为发育成熟度很高的黑垆土
灰烬层(ASL)	180~210	棕灰色(5YR6/1),透镜状分布,轻盈细腻,粉砂质地,团块构造,松散易碎,灰烬成分为主,多木炭屑,含有个别破碎陶片,属于辛店文化
山洪砂土沉积层(FFD₃)	210~240	橙色(2.5YR6/6),细砂质地,断断续续的透镜状层,局部含有细小砾石,向沟坡上方尖灭,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
山洪泥流沉积层(RC)	240~325	上部橙色(2.5YR6/6),中下部亮红棕色(2.5YR5/6),粘土质地,棱块状构造,混杂有砂团和石子,显示出粘稠状态流动的内部构造,随微地形变化而波状起伏,厚度变化在40~200 cm之间,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
山洪砂土层(FFD₂)	325~340	橙色(2.5YR6/6),细砂质地,断断续续的透镜状层,向沟坡上方尖灭,追索其物源为盆地北侧第三系红层丘陵沟壑区
全新世中期黑垆土下段(S_0下)	340~380	灰棕色(5YR6/2),粉砂质地,团粒构造,比较疏松,下部结构面和孔隙皆有白色可溶盐沉淀,为发育成熟度很高的黑垆土,为马家窑文化—齐家文化时期的耕作土壤
全新世早期风成黄土过渡层(L_t)	380~410	过渡层(L_t),淡红灰色(2.5YR7/2),粗粉砂质地,块状构造,比较疏松,下部山洪砂土成分增多
沟道山洪砂土层(FFD₁)	410~?	淡红灰色(2.5YR7/2),细砂质地,块状构造,比较疏松,来自于北部晚第三系红层丘陵沟壑区,山洪砂土性质显著,下部未见底

Table 1.

官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面地层划分和描述

样品编号	深度/cm	U/(10^-3g·kg^-1)	Th/(10^-3g·kg^-1)	K/(g·kg^-1)	含水量/%	环境剂量率Dy/(Gy/ka)	等效剂量De/(Gy)	年代/a
EFC-01	45~50	2.49±0.10	9.54±0.29	18.7±0.6	20±3	2.72±0.09	0.51±0.13	180±50
EFC-02	95~100	2.28±0.09	9.80±0.29	18.9±0.6	18±3	2.74±0.09	1.41±0.20	500±70
EFC-03	175~180	2.28±0.09	9.98±0.30	18.2±0.6	12±3	2.90±0.08	9.74±0.85	3350±230
EFC-04	195~200	2.17±0.09	9.68±0.29	20.6±0.6	20±3	2.86±0.08	9.24±0.37	3390±160
EFC-05	210~215	1.94±0.08	8.64±0.27	16.6±0.5	12±3	2.60±0.07	9.82±0.34	3780±170
EFC-06	340~345	3.06±0.12	9.60±0.29	18.9±0.6	10±3	3.13±0.09	12.33±0.52	3940±200

Table 2.

官亭盆地二方村遗址土壤剖面光释光测年数据^[25]

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