Aiming at the echo characteristics of the plane target of the pulsed laser circular-viewing detection, the pulsed laser circular-viewing detection system is designed. Based on the traditional laser radar equation, a single station laser radar scattering cross section equation is used to derive the general equation of the echo power with spatial and temporal distribution. Based on surface characteristics of the tilted plane target, the echo power equations of the extended and the non-extended target are derived. The pulse broadening characteristics and the echo characteristics of Lambertian plane and non-Lambertian plane are simulated. The circular-viewing detection system is manufactured and tested, and the experimental results show that the echo waveform is consistent with the actual echo waveform of the rough flat plate. It provides a theoretical basis for the measurement of the pulsed laser circular-viewing detection system.