Doppler wind lidar is an effective remote wind measurement instrument with high temporal and spatial resolution. However, due to the interference signal reflected by raindrops, it is a challenge to perform precise wind profile measurements under rainy conditions, but it also provides a possibility for detecting rainfall. In this work, a compact all-fiber coherent Doppler lidar(CDL) operating at wavelength of 1.5 μm was applied for simultaneous wind and rainfall precipitation detection. Due to the ability of precise spectrum measurement, both aerosol and rainfall signals can be detected by the CDL under rainy conditions. The echo signals from aerosols and raindrops with different speeds will cause two peaks in the Doppler spectrum, so that the spectrum width can be used to identified rainfall events. A two-component Gaussian model was applied to fit the spectrum and two velocities were obtained. The comparison with the results of the micro rain radar verifies the CDL′s ability of rain measurement, meanwhile, the false detection probability of wind speed in the rainy conditions is also reduced.